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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Journal of Morphological Sciences 2018; 35(04): 246-250
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1676542
Original Article
Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Mandible Growth of Wistar Rats: Effects of Malnutrition during Lactation in Adulthood Mandibular Size

Hugo Vieira de Melo Degani Jr
1   Department of Medical Sciences, Universiddade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
,
Monique da Silva Dias Babinski
1   Department of Medical Sciences, Universiddade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
,
Cristiane da Fonte Ramos
2   Biomedical Center, Department of Anatomy, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
,
Viviane Alexandre Nunes Degani
3   Experimental Morphology and Morphometry Unit, Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
,
Lucas Alves Sarmento Pires
3   Experimental Morphology and Morphometry Unit, Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
,
Marcio Antonio Babinski
3   Experimental Morphology and Morphometry Unit, Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

02 July 2017

17 November 2017

Publication Date:
20 December 2018 (online)

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Abstract

Introduction Malnutrition is a world health issue; thus, it is imperative to know its effects during lactation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of maternal protein restriction during lactation on the horizontal and vertical bone growth of the mandible, according to predetermined parameters.

Material and Methods At parturition, Wistar rat dams were randomly assigned to the following groups: (1) control, which had free access to a standard laboratory diet containing 23% of protein; (2) protein energy-restricted, which had free access to an isoenergetic, protein-restricted diet containing 8% of protein; and (3) energy-restricted group, which received limited access to commercial diet containing 23% of protein. After 21 days, all pups received free access to a standard laboratory diet containing 23% of protein until their adulthood. Afterwards, the animals were euthanized under thiopental anesthesia and their mandibles were excised. The dimensions of the excised pup mandibles were measured directly with a digital caliper.

Results The protein-restricted and the energy-restricted groups presented minor adulthood mandibular length in all parameters analyzed.

Conclusion Our results provide original information regarding the mandibular growth and indicate that the maternal nutritional state during lactation can affect the development of mandibular growth. Moreover, our results indicated that the growth dysfunction could not be restored after normalization of the diet.

Keywords

lactation - malnutrition - mandible - growth and development - wistar rats
 

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