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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Journal of Child Science 2018; 08(01): e60-e66
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1670667
Review Article
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Circadian Rhythm Variations and Nutrition in Children

Marie Gombert
1   Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics, and Gynecology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
2   Département de Biotechnologies, Université de La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France
,
Joaquín Carrasco-Luna
1   Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics, and Gynecology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
3   Department of Experimental Science, School Catholic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
,
Gonzalo Pin-Arboledas
4   Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Sleep Unit, Hospital Quironsalud Hospital, Valencia, Spain
,
Pilar Codoñer-Franch
1   Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics, and Gynecology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
5   Department of Pediatrics, Dr Peset University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

29 June 2018

01 July 2018

Publication Date:
26 September 2018 (online)

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Abstract

Circadian rhythms are the changes in biological processes that occur on a daily basis. Among these processes are reactions involved in metabolic homeostasis. Circadian rhythms are structured by the central clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus via the control of melatonin expression. Circadian rhythms are also controlled by the peripheral clocks, which are intracellular mechanisms composed of the clock genes, whose expression follows a circadian pattern. Circadian rhythms are impacted by signals from the environment called zeitgebers, or time givers, which include light exposure, feeding schedule and composition, sleeping schedule and pattern, temperature, and physical exercise. When the signals from the environment are synchronized with the internal clocks, metabolism is optimized. The term chronodisruption is used to describe the opposite situation. The latest research has demonstrated that life habits coherent with the internal clocks should be adopted, especially during childhood, to prevent metabolic diseases. Nevertheless, a few studies have investigated this link in children, and key information remains unknown.

Keywords

circadian rhythms - nutrition - children - chronodisruption - metabolic disorders
 

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