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Am J Perinatol 2018; 35(13): 1251-1259
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1642027
Original Article
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Effect of Gestational and Lactational Exposure to DEHP, DINP, and DEP on Intestinal Morphology, Disaccharidases, and Alkaline Phosphatase in Rats during Postnatal Development

K. Setti Ahmed
1   Department of Biology, Faculty of NLS, University of Mascara, Mascara, Algeria
2   Department of Biology, Laboratory of BTE-BD-PR Oran, Faculty of LNS, University of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algeria
,
O. Kharoubi
2   Department of Biology, Laboratory of BTE-BD-PR Oran, Faculty of LNS, University of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algeria
,
A. E. K. Aoues
2   Department of Biology, Laboratory of BTE-BD-PR Oran, Faculty of LNS, University of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algeria
,
M. Bouchekara
1   Department of Biology, Faculty of NLS, University of Mascara, Mascara, Algeria
,
B. Khaladi
3   Department of Anathomopatology, MeslemTayeb Hospital, Mascara, Algeria
,
M. Taleb
1   Department of Biology, Faculty of NLS, University of Mascara, Mascara, Algeria
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

05 September 2017

08 March 2018

Publication Date:
01 May 2018 (online)

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Abstract

Introduction The diesters of 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid (phthalic acid), commonly known as phthalates, are used primarily as plasticizers of polyvinyl chloride and as additives in consumer and personal care products.

Objective This study was designed to evaluate the impact of in utero and postnatal exposure to diisononyl phthalate (DINP), diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), and diethyl phthalate (DEP) on gut maturation in a Wistar rat model.

Materials and Methods Pregnant females were gavaged from day 8 of gestation through postnatal day (pd) 30 with 0 (vehicle control), DEHP (380 mg/kg/d), DINP (380 mg/kg/d), or DEP (800 mg/kg/d) dissolved in corn oil. Intestinal samples have been collected at 0, 7, 14, 21, and 30 pd for histological and biochemical analysis. The mitotic index has been evaluated based on the expression of Ki-67 antigen.

Results All tested phthalate treatments have significantly decreased the body as well as the organ's weight (p < 0.001). DINP exposure resulted in severe villous atrophy, while DEHP treated group was characterized by lymphoepithelial lesions. In addition, a significant decrease of the Ki-67 proliferation index was observed in the youngest rats (0 and 7 days) upon the various treatments (p < 0.0001), whereas at day 30, an increased numbers of Ki-67 positive cells were observed in DEHP and DEP but bot DINP group. Lactase and sucrase activities were inhibited by DEP in contrast to DINP and DEHP which increased enzymes activity (p < 0.05).

Conclusion Our results suggest that exposure to phthalates during gestational and lactational phases negatively impacts the development of the small intestine.

Keywords

gut maturation - phthalates - in utero - postnatal - disaccharidases - Ki-67 - ALK

Note

The animal experiments held in this study are in accordance with the Guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (15th edition, 2014) and approved by the scientific committee of the university.