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Nervenheilkunde 2003; 22(04): 168-76
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1624397
Original- und Übersichtsarbeiten/Original and Review Articles
Schattauer GmbH

Physikalische und physiologische Grundlagen der transkraniellen Magnetstimulation

The physical and physiological fundamentals of transcranial magnetic stimulation
T. Kammer
1   Abteilung Neurobiologie, Max-Planck-Institut für biologische Kybernetik, Tübingen
,
U. A. Thielscher
2   Abteilung Psychiatrie III, Universität Ulm
› Institutsangaben
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Publikationsverlauf

Publikationsdatum:
15. Januar 2018 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Der Beitrag liefert einen Überblick über die technischen, biophysikalischen und physiologischen Grundlagen der transkraniellen Magnetstimulation (TMS). Ausgehend von der Technik eines Stimulators und des Wirkungsprinzips der TMS werden der zeitliche Verlauf eines Stimulationspulses sowie die räumliche Verteilung der im Kopf induzierten Felder dargestellt. Auf der Grundlage von Schwellenmessungen werden Umrechnungsfaktoren für verschiedene gängige Stimulatorkonfigurationen angegeben. Anschließend wird auf die Vergleichbarkeit von technischen Parametern zwischen Kernspinresonanztomographie und TMS eingegangen. Zum Schluss sind kurz mögliche technische Weiterentwicklungen dargestellt.

Summary

We present an overview on the technical, biophysical, and physiological fundamentals of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Starting with the stimulator technique and the active principle of TMS we illustrate the time course of a stimulation pulse and the spatial distribution of the induced fields. Based on threshold measurements transformation factors are given that allow the comparison of stimulation intensities using different stimulators. We discuss the comparability of technical parameters known from magnetic resonance imaging and TMS. Finally, we give an brief overview on putative further developments.

Schlüsselwörter

Stimulationspuls - monophasisch - biphasisch - Rundspule - Doppelspule - induzierte Feldverteilung - Nervenmodell - transkranielle Magnetstimulation

Keywords

Stimulation pulse - monophasic - biphasic - round coil - double coil - induced fields - nerve model - transcranial magnetic stimulation
 

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