Semin Reprod Med 2016; 34(02): 093-101
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1571195
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Obesity, and Pregnancy

Anju E. Joham
1   Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
2   Diabetes and Vascular Medicine Unit, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
,
Stefano Palomba
3   Unit of Gynecology & Obstetrics, IRCCS – Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
,
Roger Hart
4   School of Women's and Infants' Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
5   Fertility Specialists of Western Australia, Bethesda Hospital, Claremont, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
08 February 2016 (online)

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting up to one in five reproductive-aged women. It is underpinned by insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism and is associated with metabolic, reproductive, and psychological features. Women with PCOS have higher rates of obesity and central adiposity compared with women without PCOS, and weight strongly influences prevalence and clinical severity of PCOS. Women with PCOS may have subfertility and women should be aware of factors affecting fertility, in particular the impact of obesity and age. Once pregnant, women with PCOS have significantly increased risk of pregnancy-related complications including gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders, premature delivery, and delivery by cesarean section. The offspring of women with PCOS may have increased risk of congenital abnormalities and hospitalization in childhood. Clinicians should be aware of the increased risk and screen, prevent, and manage accordingly.

 
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