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DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1565719
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidative constituents from Trapa natants
Trapa natans L., commonly known as water chestnut or water caltrop, is an aquatic floating plant native to Eurasia, Africa and Asia, grown as a food or medicinal plant in Taiwan, China and parts of South East Asia. There are advantages for utilizing the waste pericarps chestnut as sources of valuable products and decreasing the negative impact of these wastes. In the continuing phytochemical investigation on T. natans L., we further identified two new tannins (1 and 2), one new lignan (14), and one new phenolic compounds (17), together with six tannins (3-8), six lignans (9-14), two flavonoids (15-16), and seven phenolic compounds (18-24) from the EtOH extract of the fruit pericarps and the structural determination of these substances using extensive spectroscopic methods. Compounds 3-8 were screened for anti-inflammatory activity by their inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in RAW364.7 marcophages and further tested for their antioxidant scavenging effects on DPPH. Compounds 3 and 6 significantly decreased NO production in a dose-dependent manner and exhibited potent inhibition activities with IC50 of 11.91 ± 0.19 and 17.10 ± 0.94 ug/mL, respectively. In addition, 3, 6, and 8 exhibited significant antioxidant effects with ED50 values of 6.68 ± 0.08, 4.97 ± 0.24, and 4.42 ± 0.06 ug/mL, respectively.