Ethnobotanical evaluation of oregano (Origanum vulgare) in Latvia

The research of Latvian folk songs showed that oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) has been utilized in folk medicine for thousands of years [1]. About 40 names of this plant are mentioned in written sources [2]. Oregano can be defined as a priority species of local medicinal plants. The wide use of oregano is the main reason why the local populations are severely depleted [3]. The aim of this research was to evaluate the ethnobotany of oregano in Latvia.

It was found that infusions of leaves traditionally are used for improvement of digestion, for reducing headaches and coughs, to promote menstruations and as a remedy for toothache. The infusion of flowers helps to calm nerves, to prevent seasickness and to remedy hangovers (one of the name of oregano is “labdusa” or “good health”). It is believed that oregano aroma dispels worry and concern, joys mind and increases vitality. Oregano is used in sauna whisks, for bathing. In some Latvian districts oregano is named “peppermint” due to its intensive aroma.

As culinary herb, oregano historically is called “sausage grass” (“desu zale”). It is used as an ingredient in production of sausages, for aromatisation of beverages and cucumbers marinating. It fits well together with parsley, thyme, caraway and garlic. Oregano is well-known as honey plant and as natural insecticide. It is mentioned that oregano can be used for colouring wool.

It is necessary to explore the biochemical content of oregano accessions from different Latvian places to confirm the traditional use of this plant in local environment.

References:

[1] Zukauska I. Garsaugu genetiskie resursi Latvija. Agron Vestis 2008; 10: 241 – 247

[2] Cepurite B. Raudene – Origanum L. In: Sulcs V, editor. Latvijas vaskularo augu flora 8: Lupziezu dzimta (Labitae). Riga: LU; 2006: 25 – 26

[3] Sivicka I. Ecological assessment of wild populations and ex situ conservation of genetic resources of oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) in Latvia. Ecol Saf 2012; 6: 254 – 260