Toxicological, Antidiarrheal and Spasmolytic Activities of Solanum paniculatum

José Clementino-Neto; Joedna C. Pereira; Luiz H. C. Vasconcelos; Iara L. L. de Souza; Anne D. S. Silva; Telma M. G. Silva; Natalia S. M. Ramos; Hilzeth L. F. Pessôa; Tania M. S. Silva; Bagnólia A. da Silva; Fabiana A. de Cavalcante

doi:10.1055/s-0035-1557831

Planta Medica, Table of Contents

Planta Med 2016; 82(01/02): 58-64
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1557831

Biological and Pharmacological Activitiy

Original Papers

Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Toxicological, Antidiarrheal and Spasmolytic Activities of Solanum paniculatum

Authors

José Clementino-Neto

¹Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Escola de Enfermagem e Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
Joedna C. Pereira

²Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
Luiz H. C. Vasconcelos

²Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
Iara L. L. de Souza

²Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
Anne D. S. Silva

³Programa de Pós-graduação em Química e Biotecnologia/Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
Telma M. G. Silva

⁴Departamento de Ciências Moleculares, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
Natalia S. M. Ramos

⁴Departamento de Ciências Moleculares, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
Hilzeth L. F. Pessôa

⁵Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
Tania M. S. Silva

⁴Departamento de Ciências Moleculares, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
Bagnólia A. da Silva

²Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil

⁶Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
Fabiana A. de Cavalcante

²Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil

⁷Departamento de Fisiologia e Patologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil

Abstract

Solanum paniculatum is popularly known as “jurubeba-verdadeira”. In folk medicine, its roots, stems, and leaves are used as tonics, anti-inflammatories, carminatives, diuretics, and for gastrointestinal disorders. This species is listed in the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia and belongs to the “Relação Nacional de Plantas Medicinais de Interesse ao SUS”. Based on folk medicine data of the Solanum genus, we decided to investigate whether the crude ethanol extract from S. paniculatum aerial parts presents toxicological, antidiarrheal, and spasmolytic activities. The crude ethanol extract from S. paniculatum aerial parts did not produce in vitro or in vivo toxicity and showed dose-dependent antidiarrheal activity, inhibiting equipotently both the defecation frequency (ED₅₀ = 340.3 ± 35.1 mg/kg) and liquid stool formation (ED₅₀ = 370.1 ± 19.4 mg/kg) in mice. Conversely, the crude ethanol extract from S. paniculatum aerial parts did not inhibit normal intestinal transit, even though it has shown a dose-dependent reduction of both the castor oil-induced intestinal transit (E_max = 36.9 ± 1.3 %, ED₅₀ = 242.0 ± 8.6 mg/kg) and intestinal fluid content (E_max = 74.8 ± 2.4 %, ED₅₀ = 328.9 ± 15.9 mg/kg). Additionally, the crude ethanol extract from S. paniculatum aerial parts was approximately 2-fold more potent in antagonizing the phasic contractions induced with histamine (IC₅₀ = 63.7 ± 3.5 µg/mL) than carbachol 10⁻⁶ M (IC₅₀ = 129.3 ± 14.1 µg/mL). Therefore, we concluded that the crude ethanol extract from S. paniculatum aerial parts presents antidiarrheal activity in mice related to the inhibition of small intestinal motility and secretion as well as nonselective spasmolytic activity on the guinea pig ileum.

Key words

Solanum paniculatum - Solanaceae - toxicological activity - antidiarrheal effect - spasmolytic action

Full Text

References

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