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Planta Med 2016; 82(01/02): 58-64
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1557831
Biological and Pharmacological Activitiy
Original Papers
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Toxicological, Antidiarrheal and Spasmolytic Activities of Solanum paniculatum

José Clementino-Neto
1   Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Escola de Enfermagem e Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
,
Joedna C. Pereira
2   Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
,
Luiz H. C. Vasconcelos
2   Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
,
Iara L. L. de Souza
2   Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
,
Anne D. S. Silva
3   Programa de Pós-graduação em Química e Biotecnologia/Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
,
Telma M. G. Silva
4   Departamento de Ciências Moleculares, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
,
Natalia S. M. Ramos
4   Departamento de Ciências Moleculares, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
,
Hilzeth L. F. Pessôa
5   Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
,
Tania M. S. Silva
4   Departamento de Ciências Moleculares, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
,
Bagnólia A. da Silva
2   Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
6   Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
,
Fabiana A. de Cavalcante
2   Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
7   Departamento de Fisiologia e Patologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
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Publikationsverlauf

received 17. März 2015
revised 10. Juli 2015

accepted 15. Juli 2015

Publikationsdatum:
14. September 2015 (online)

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Abstract

Solanum paniculatum is popularly known as “jurubeba-verdadeira”. In folk medicine, its roots, stems, and leaves are used as tonics, anti-inflammatories, carminatives, diuretics, and for gastrointestinal disorders. This species is listed in the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia and belongs to the “Relação Nacional de Plantas Medicinais de Interesse ao SUS”. Based on folk medicine data of the Solanum genus, we decided to investigate whether the crude ethanol extract from S. paniculatum aerial parts presents toxicological, antidiarrheal, and spasmolytic activities. The crude ethanol extract from S. paniculatum aerial parts did not produce in vitro or in vivo toxicity and showed dose-dependent antidiarrheal activity, inhibiting equipotently both the defecation frequency (ED50 = 340.3 ± 35.1 mg/kg) and liquid stool formation (ED50 = 370.1 ± 19.4 mg/kg) in mice. Conversely, the crude ethanol extract from S. paniculatum aerial parts did not inhibit normal intestinal transit, even though it has shown a dose-dependent reduction of both the castor oil-induced intestinal transit (Emax = 36.9 ± 1.3 %, ED50 = 242.0 ± 8.6 mg/kg) and intestinal fluid content (Emax = 74.8 ± 2.4 %, ED50 = 328.9 ± 15.9 mg/kg). Additionally, the crude ethanol extract from S. paniculatum aerial parts was approximately 2-fold more potent in antagonizing the phasic contractions induced with histamine (IC50 = 63.7 ± 3.5 µg/mL) than carbachol 10−6 M (IC50 = 129.3 ± 14.1 µg/mL). Therefore, we concluded that the crude ethanol extract from S. paniculatum aerial parts presents antidiarrheal activity in mice related to the inhibition of small intestinal motility and secretion as well as nonselective spasmolytic activity on the guinea pig ileum.

Key words

Solanum paniculatum - Solanaceae - toxicological activity - antidiarrheal effect - spasmolytic action
 

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