Intimpartnergewalt in einer Gruppe schwer psychisch erkrankter Frauen

Zusammenfassung

Ziel: Bei 89 psychisch erkrankten Frauen wurden Häufigkeit und Qualität von Intimpartnergewalt erfasst.

Methodik: Die mittels „Partner Violence Screen“ und „Index of Spouse Abuse“ erhobenen Daten wurden mit nonparametrischen Verfahren zufallskritisch verrechnet.

Ergebnisse: Die erhobene Rate von Partnergewalt lag bei ca. 2/3; es fanden sich Assoziation zu Bildungsferne, Hauptdiagnosen, Kinderzahl und Gewalterfahrungen in der Jugend.

Schlussfolgerung: Trotz methodischer Einschränkungen wird deutlich, wie relevant Intimpartnergewalt bei psychisch erkrankten Frauen ist.

Abstract

Objective: Due to their importance frequency and quality of intimate partner violence were recorded in a group of 89 severely mentally ill women in an exploratory investigation.

Methods: With the help of the “Partner Violence Screen” (PVS) and the “Index of Spouse Abuse” (ISA) frequency and severity of intimate partner violence were quantified. Due to data structure nonparametric statistical methods were used for hypothesis testing.

Results: The rate of in intimate-partner violence was approximately 67 % in both instruments. Based on the ISA sum-scores intimate partner violence showed associations with lower educational, occupational, and social levels, main-diagnoses of addiction and schizophrenia, longer course of the illness, a higher number of children, and own experience of violence in adolescence.

Conclusion: Despite methodological limitations – such as missing control group, highly selected group, and non-involvement of the male partners – the results show the importance of intimate partner violence in severely mentally ill women. The findings presented indicate that intimate partner violence should be taken into consideration in each individual case.

Schlüsselwörter

Intimpartnergewalt - psychische Störung - Frauen - Partner Violence Screen - Index of Spouse Abuse

Keywords

intimate partner violence - mental disorder - women - Partner Violence Screen - Index of Spouse Abuse

• Literatur

• 1 Garcia-Moreno C, Riecher-Rössler A Hrsg. Violence against Women and Mental Health. Basel, Freiburg, Paris: Karger; 2013
• 2 Ludermir AB, Lewis G, Valongueiro SA et al. Violence against women by their intimate partner during pregnancy and postnatal depression: a prospective cohort study. Lancet 2010; 376: 903-910
• 3 Cannon EA, Bonomi AE, Anderson ML et al. Adult health and relationship outcomes among women with abuse experiences during childhood. Violence Vict 2010; 25: 291-305
• 4 Stöckl H, Heise L, Watts C. Factors associated with violence by a current partner in a nationally representative sample of German women. Sociol Health Illn 2011; 33: 694-709
• 5 Al Habib S, Nur U, Jones R. Domestic Violence against Women: Systematic Review of Prevalence Studies. J Fam Violence 2010; 25: 369-382
• 6 Liepe K, Blättner B. Gewalterfahrungen in der Schwangerschaft: Prävalenzstudien in OECD-Ländern. Gesundheitswesen 2013; 75: 473-480
• 7 Torchalla I, Albrecht S, Buchkrämer G et al. Wohnungslose Frauen mit psychischen Erkrankungen – eine Feldstudie. Psychiat Prax 2004; 31: 228-235
• 8 Feldhaus KM, Koziol-McLain J, Amsbury HL et al. Accuracy of 3 brief screening questions for detecting partner violence in the emergency department. JAMA 1997; 277: 1357-1361
• 9 Nyberg E, Hartman P, Stieglitz R et al. Screening Partnergewalt: Ein deutschsprachiges Screeninginstrument für häusliche Gewalt gegen Frauen. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 2008; 76: 28-36
• 10 Hudson WW, Rau Mcintosh S. The Assessment of Spouse Abuse: Two Quantifiable Dimensions. J Marriage Family 1981; 43: 873-888
• 11 Danielson KK, Moffitt TE, Caspi A et al. Comorbidity between abuse of an adult and DSM-III-R mental disorders: evidence from an epidemiological study. Am J Psychiatry 1998; 155: 131-133
• 12 Nyberg N, Stieglitz RD, Flury M et al. Häusliche Gewalt bei Frauen einer Kriseninterventionspopulation – Formen der Gewalt und Risikofaktoren. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 2013; 81: 331-336