Kardiale Magnetresonanztomografie

Zusammenfassung

Die kardiale Magnetresonanztomografie (MRT) hat sich für die Diagnose, Prognose und das Management kardiovaskulärer Erkrankungen in klinischen Routinefragestellungen bewährt. Wegen der Vielzahl der zur Verfügung stehenden unterschiedlichen Aufnahmetechniken und kontrastgebenden Aufnahmeparameter eignet sich dieses Verfahren nicht nur zur einfachen Darstellung kardiovaskulärer Strukturen und Lagebeziehungen, sondern erlaubt ebenfalls eine Untersuchung des kardialen Bewegungsmusters inklusive der hämodynamischen Abläufe. Zudem lassen sich funktionale kardiale Veränderungen durch den zusätzlichen, aber nicht zwingend erforderlichen, Einsatz paramagnetischer Kontrastmittel sichtbar machen. In diesem Beitrag werden, neben einem kurzen Überblick der Besonderheiten bei der MR-Herzbildgebung, einige der am häufigsten klinisch anzutreffenden kardiovaskulären Fragestellungen/Krankheitsbilder beschrieben.

Abstract

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) has been established for clinical practice in diagnosis, prognosis and in the management of diseases of the cardiovascular system. A wide range of different acquisition techniques and imaging parameters determining image contrast as well as its diversity in spatial slice positioning allows not only a visualization of cardiovascular structures in high spatial and temporal resolution as well as spatial relationships. Furthermore, CMR provides additional information related to cardiac motion and hemodynamics. Although non-obligatory, the application of paramagnetic contrast agents helps to detect functional and morphological changes in the heart and thoracic vessels. In a short overview some cardiac-specific charac­teristics for performing a typical heart examination are given. In addition, the most common types of cardiovascular diseases are described which have to be addressed in a normal MRI unit in a routine clinical setting.

Schlüsselwörter

Herz - Magnetresonanztomografie - kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen - Herzinsuffizienz - angeborene Herzfehler

Key words

heart - magnetic resonance imaging - cardiovascular disease - heart failure - congenital heart disease

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