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Am J Perinatol 2014; 31(05): 353-364
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1352484
Review Article
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Association between Weight Gain during Pregnancy and Pregnancy Outcomes after Dietary and Lifestyle Interventions: A Meta-analysis

A.E. Ruifrok
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
2   Department of Public and Occupational Health and EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
,
M.N.M. van Poppel
2   Department of Public and Occupational Health and EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
,
M. van Wely
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
,
E. Rogozińska
4   Women's Health Research Unit, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, United Kingdom
,
K.S. Khan
4   Women's Health Research Unit, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, United Kingdom
5   Multidisciplinary Evidence Synthesis Hub (mEsh), Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, United Kingdom
,
C.J.M. de Groot
3   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
,
S. Thangaratinam
4   Women's Health Research Unit, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, United Kingdom
5   Multidisciplinary Evidence Synthesis Hub (mEsh), Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, United Kingdom
,
B.W. Mol
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

04 March 2013

21 June 2013

Publication Date:
05 August 2013 (online)

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Abstract

Objectives Lifestyle interventions in obese pregnant women reduce adverse maternal outcomes of pregnancy. However, the association between weight change due to interventions and the actual reduction in complications is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the association between gestational weight gain (GWG) and the rate of pregnancy complications.

Study Design The authors included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of lifestyle interventions during pregnancy on GWG and adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. For each outcome they assessed the association between GWG and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Results They analyzed data of 23 RCTs (4,990 women). Increased GWG was associated with a nonsignificant increase in the incidence of preeclampsia (PE) (0.2% per gained kg, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.5 to 0.9%, p > 0.05), gestational diabetes (GDM) (0.3% per gained kg, 95% CI −0.5 to 1.0%, p > 0.05), and induction of labor (IOL) (1.5% per gained kg, 95% CI −0.9 to 3.9%, p > 0.05).

Conclusions Reduction in GWG due to lifestyle interventions in pregnancy had statistically nonsignificant effects on lowering the incidence of PE, GDM, and IOL. Possibly, the beneficial effect of lifestyle interventions on pregnancy outcomes is due to an effect independent of the reduction of GWG.

Keywords

gestational weight gain - lifestyle interventions - diet - pregnancy outcomes - meta-analysis
 

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