Abstract
‘Sustainability’ might be regarded as one of
the most important, but misinterpreted key concepts for future developments
in various fields of our everyday life. The importance of sustainable development
in science, for example, was recognized as early as 1987 when the
Brundtland Commission presented their report in which a clear definition
of sustainability (e.g., in education, economics, ecology, and science)
is given. However, not every development that has claimed to be
sustainable fulfills the criteria of the Brundtland definition in
that their achievements are very short-sighted and will not have
a positive influence on the standard of living for future generations.
It is an aim of this account to summarize our approach to a concept
that we call ‘sustainable catalysis’, i.e. the use
of catalysts based upon abundant, inexpensive, metabolizable metals,
such as iron.
1 Introduction
2 Nucleophilic Iron Catalysts as Noble Metal Surrogates
3 Iron-Catalyzed Allylic Substitution
3.1 Development
3.2 Allylic Alkylation - Scope and Limitations
3.3 Allylic Amination
3.4 Allylic Sulfonylation
3.5 Mechanistic Hypothesis and the Stereoselective Course
3.6 ‘Catalytic Surprises’ - A Ligand-Dependent
Mechanistic Dichotomy
4 Carbonyl Activation via Iron Catalysis
4.1 The Hypothesis
4.2 Iron-Catalyzed Transesterification
5 Summary
Key words
iron - catalysis - allylic substitutions - transesterifications
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