Zusammenfassung
Das neue Antiarrhythmikum Dronedaron (SR 33 589) ist
als Benzofuranderivat strukturell mit Amiodaron verwandt. Dronedaron
hat keine Jodkomponente, es besitzt jedoch eine zusätzliche Methansulfonylgruppe
und ist dadurch deutlich weniger lipophil als Amiodaron, und hat
deshalb auch eine wesentlich kürzere Halbwertszeit. Die elektrophysiologischen
Eigenschaften beider Substanzen sind einander ähnlich,
sie zeigen mit der Hemmung von Na+ , K+ ,
und Ca2+ -Strömen Charakteristika aller
vier Vaughan-Williams-Klassen . Die Substanz ist einer sorgfältigen
klinischen Evaluierung unterzogen worden. In einer Placebo-kontrollierten
Dosisfindungsstudie (DAFNE) erwies sich eine Tagesdosis von 800 mg als
effektivste und gut verträgliche Dosierung. Zwei im Design
identische Effektivitätsstudien (EURIDIS und ADONIS) zeigten,
dass Dronedaron im Vergleich zu Placebo bezüglich des primären Studienendpunkts,
Erhalt von Sinusrhythmus, hochsignifikant überlegen war.
Die ERATO-Studie belegte die frequenzstabilisierenden Eigenschaften
von Dronedaron. In der ATHENA-Morbiditäts-/Mortalitätsstudie
wurde unter Dronedaron der primäre kombinierte Endpunkt
Tod oder Krankenhauseinweisung wegen kardiovaskulärer Ereignisse
signifikant seltener als unter Placebo erreicht. Aufgrund der dokumentierten Reduktion
der kardiovaskulären Mortalität und von Krankenhauseinweisungen
sowie der guten Verträglichkeit bei guter antiarrhythmischer bzw.
frequenzstabilisierender Wirkung stellt Dronedaron eine Bereicherung
des therapeutischen Spektrums dar.
Abstract
The new antiarrhythmic drug dronedarone (SR 33 589)
is a benzofuran derivative structurally similar to amiodarone, however
is noniodinated. The additional methansulfonylgroup renders it less
lipophilic, with a substantially shorter half-life, compared to
the parent compound. The electrophysiological properties of both
agents are similar with inhibition of Na+ , K+ ,
and Ca++ currents (all Vaughan-Williams
classes). The agent has been evaluated in a large clinical study
program. The daily dose of dronedarone 800 mg has been
shown (DAFNE) to be effective and well tolerated. In two design-identical
randomised clinical trials (EURIDIS and ADONIS trial) the efficacy
of dronedarone to maintain sinus rhythm in patients with chronic
atrial fibrillation/flutter was shown to be clearly superior
to placebo. The ERATO study showed the rate control properties of
dronedarone. In the ATHENA morbidity/mortality study, the
combined endpoint death or hospitalisation due to cardiovascular
events occurred significantly less often in the dronedarone group
compared to the placebo group. Particularly due to its beneficial
effects on clinical outcomes such as cardiovascular hospitalizations
and death in the context of high tolerability dronedarone appears
to be a promising new antiarrhythmic compound.
Schlüsselwörter
Antiarrhythmika - Vorhofflimmern - klinisches Programm
Keywords
antiarrhythmic drugs - atrial fibrillation - atrial flutter - clinical program
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Prof. Dr. Stefan H. Hohnloser
Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie, Abteilung
Klinische Elektrophysiologie, J. W. Goethe Universität
Theodor-Stern-Kai 7
60590 Frankfurt
Telefon: 069/6301-7404
Fax: 069/6301-7017
eMail: Hohnloser@em.uni-frankfurt.de