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DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245224
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Tumorregression maligner Aderhautmelanome nach Transpupillarer Thermotherapie (TTT) versus Ruthenium-Brachytherapie und Sandwichtherapie – eine vergleichende Analyse
Tumor Regression in Malignant Choroidal Melanomas after Transpupillary Thermotherapy (TTT) versus Ruthenium Brachytherapy and Sandwich Therapy – A Comparative AnalysisPublikationsverlauf
Eingegangen: 28.9.2009
Angenommen: 7.1.2010
Publikationsdatum:
20. April 2010 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Untersuchung der Tumorregression maligner Aderhautmelanome nach bulbuserhaltender Therapie mit 3 unterschiedlichen Verfahren. Patienten und Methode: Retrospektive Analyse der Behandlungsergebnisse aller Augen mit malignem Aderhautmelanom, die in der Universitätsaugenklinik Mainz zwischen 1 / 1992 und 12 / 2000 konsekutiv, primär bulbuserhaltend behandelt wurden mit Transpupillarer Thermotherapie (TTT, Standardprotokoll nach Oosterhuis 1995), Ruthenium-Brachytherapie (RB, mit Tumorspitzendosis 150 Gy) oder Sandwichtherapie (ST). Die einzeitige ST war definiert als TTT, mit innerhalb von 48 Stunden danach anschließender RB mit 100 Gy Tumorspitzendosis. Die Behandlung von Restprominenzen durch TTT, nach vorangegangener primärer RB in variablem Zeitintervall, wurde als zweizeitige ST bezeichnet. Nachbeobachtung 2 Jahre. Ergebnisse: 131 Augen mit malignem Aderhautmelanom (mittlere Tumorprominenz 4,5 mm) wurden behandelt mit RB (66 Augen), TTT (26 Augen) oder ST (39 Augen). Augapfelerhalt wurde in 109 Augen (81 %) erreicht. Lokale Tumorkontrolle wurde erzielt bei kleinen Melanomen (Prominenz bis 3 mm) in 89 %, bei großen Tumoren (Prominenz 8 mm und höher) in 50 %. In einer Subgruppe kleiner posteriorer Aderhautmelanome (n = 70 Augen, Prominenz bis 4,5 mm und Lokalisation zentral des Äquators) wurde lokale Tumorkontrolle in 91 % erzielt. Das Zeitintervall bis zum Erreichen von Tumorkontrolle (Kaplan-Meier-Schätzungen) war nach TTT am kürzesten (Median: 20 Wochen) verglichen mit RB (48 Wochen) und einzeitiger ST (29 Wochen). Schlussfolgerung: Beim malignen Aderhautmelanom wird mit steigender Tumorprominenz die Aussicht auf lokale Tumorkontrolle und Bulbuserhalt schlechter. Bei kleinen posterioren Tumoren ist das Zeitintervall bis zum Erreichen von Tumorkontrolle nach TTT wesentlich kürzer als nach RB.
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate tumour regression in a large series of choroidal melanomas, which were treated with three different eye-sparing treatment modalities. Patients and Methods: Retrospective review of the treatment results in all eyes with malignant choroidal melanoma, which were treated in the University Eye Clinic of Mainz consecutively in the time span 1.1992 to 12.2000 with transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT, standard protocol Oosterhuis JA 1995), ruthenium brachytherapy (RB, tumor apex dose 150 Gy) or sandwich therapy (ST). One-step ST was defined as TTT followed by RB with 100 Gy tumor apex dose within 48 hours. The treatment of residual prominences with TTT secondary to RB after different time spans was called two-step ST. Follow-up was 2 years. Results: 131 eyes with malignant choroidal melanoma (mean tumour thickness: 4.5 mm) were treated with RB (66 eyes), TTT (26 eyes) or ST (39 eyes). Preservation of the globe was achieved in 109 eyes (81 %). Local tumour control was found in small melanomas (prominence up to 3 mm) in 89 %, in large tumors (prominence 8 mm and higher) in 50 %. In a subgroup of small posterior melanomas (n = 70 eyes, prominence up to 4.5 mm, located posterior to the equator) local tumour control was noted in 91 %. The time span to reach local tumour control (Kaplan-Meier estimates) was the shortest after TTT (median: 20 weeks), compared with RB (48 weeks) and one-step ST (29 weeks). Conclusions: In choroidal melanomas the chance of local tumour control and preservation of the globe decreases with increase of the tumour prominence. In small choroidal melanomas with posterior location local tumour control was achieved significantly faster after TTT than after RB.
Schlüsselwörter
malignes Aderhautmelanom - Transpupillare Thermotherapie - Brachytherapie - Ruthenium-Brachytherapie - Tumorregression
Key words
malignant choroidal melanoma - transpupillary thermotherapy - brachytherapy - ruthenium brachytherapy - tumour regression
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PD Dr. Bernhard Stoffelns
Augenklinik der Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
Langenbeckstraße 1
55131 Mainz
Telefon: ++ 49/61 31/17 71 33
Fax: ++ 49/61 31/17 66 20
eMail: stoffelns@augen.klinik.uni-mainz.de