ABSTRACT
Over the past decade, the popularity of nonsurgical cosmetic procedures has increased
exponentially. Last year, according to the American Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery,
more than 5 million procedures were performed using cosmetic injectables such as botulinum
toxin and dermal filling agents.[1] According to the society's recent statistics, more than 85% of all dermal filler
procedures occurred with a hyaluronic acid derivative.These numbers are expected to
rise in the future as there is currently no other class of filling agent that rivals
the popularity of hyaluronic acid. The popularity of hyaluronic acid specifically
stems from its effectiveness, ease of administration, and safety profile.
KEYWORDS
Soft tissue augmentation - skin rejuvenation - hyaluronic acid - Restylane - Perlane
- Juvéderm - Elevess - Prevelle Silk - Puragen
REFERENCES
- 1 American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery .Cosmetic Surgery National Data Bank:
2007 Statistics. Available at: http://www.surgery.org/public/consumer/trends/cosmetic_procedures_in_2007 Accessed December 22, 2008
- 2
Meyer K, Palmer J W.
The polysaccharide of the vitreous humor.
J Biol Chem.
1934;
107
629-634
- 3
Simoni R D, Hill R L, Vaughan M, Hascall V.
The discovery of hyaluronan by Karl Meyer.
J Biol Chem.
2002;
277
4575-4579
- 4
Sutherland I W.
Novel and established applications of microbial polysaccharides.
Trends Biotechnol.
1998;
16
41-46
- 5
Zhao X B, Fraser J E, Alexander C, Lockett C, White B J.
Synthesis and characterization of a novel double cross linked hyaluronan hydrogel.
J Mater Sci Mater Med.
2002;
13
11-16
- 6
Tezel A, Fredrickson G H.
The science of hyaluronic acid dermal fillers.
J Cosmet Laser Ther.
2008;
10
35-42
- 7 Monheit G D, Kablik J, Yu L, Chang G, Gershovich J. Physical properties of commercial
hyaluronic acid dermal fillers. Poster presented at: American Society of Dermatologic
Surgery Annual Meeting; November 6–9, 2008 Orlando, FL
- 8 Juvéderm™ Ultra and Juvéderm™ Ultra Plus. Santa Barbara, CA; Allergan [data on file]
- 9 Elevess™. Woburn, MA; Anika Therapeutics [data on file]
- 10
Narins R S, Brandt F, Leyden J, Lorenc Z P, Rubin M, Smith S.
A randomized, double-blind, multicenter comparison of the efficacy and tolerability
of Restylane versus Zyplast for the correction of nasolabial folds.
Dermatol Surg.
2003;
29
588-595
- 11
Wang F, Garza L A, Kang S et al..
In vivo stimulation of de novo collagen production caused by cross-linked hyaluronic
acid dermal filler injections in photodamaged human skin.
Arch Dermatol.
2007;
143
155-163
- 12
Narins R S, Dayan S H, Brandt F S, Baldwin E K.
Persistence and improvement of nasolabial fold correction with nonanimal-stabilized
hyaluronic acid 100,000 gel particles/mL filler on two retreatment schedules: results
up to 18 months on two retreatment schedules.
Dermatol Surg.
2008;
34(S1)
S2-S8
- 13
Lindqvist C, Tveten S, Bondevik B E, Fagrell D.
A randomized, evaluator-blind, multicenter comparison of the efficacy and tolerability
of Perlane vesus Zyplast in the correction of nasolabial folds.
Plast Reconstr Surg.
2005;
115
282-289
- 14 Perlane® [package insert]. Scottsdale, AZ; Medicis Aesthetics Inc 2007
- 15
Baumann L S, Shamban A T, Lupo M P et al..
Comparison of smooth gel hyaluronic acid dermal fillers with cross linked bovine collagen:
a multicenter, double masked, randomized, within-subject study.
Dermatol Surg.
2007;
33(S2)
S128-S135
- 16
Pinsky M A, Thomas J A, Murphy D K et al..
Juvéderm injectable gel: a multicenter, double-blind randomized study of safety and
effectiveness.
Aesthet Surg J.
2008;
28
17-23
- 17 Elevess™ [package insert]. Woburn, MA; Anika Therapeutics Inc 2007
- 18 Prevelle™ Silk [package insert]. Irving, TX; Mentor Corporation 2007
- 19
Monheit G D.
Hylaform: a new hyaluronic acid filler in soft tissue augmentation.
Facial Plast Surg.
2004;
20
153-157
- 20 Hylaform® Plus [package insert]. Santa Barbara, CA; Inamed / Allergan 2004
- 21
Glogau R G, Kane M A.
Effect of injection techniques on the rate of local adverse events in patients implanted
with nonanimal hyaluronic acid gel dermal fillers.
Dermatol Surg.
2008;
34(S1)
S105-S109
- 22
Hirsch R J, Cohen J L, Carruthers J D.
Successful management of an unusual presentation of impending necrosis following a
hyaluronic acid injection embolus and proposed algorithm for management with hyaluronidase.
Dermatol Surg.
2007;
33
357-360
- 23
Kono T, Kinney B, Groff W et al..
Randomized, evaluator- blind, split-face comparison study of single cross-linked versus
double cross-linked hyaluronic acid in the treatment of glabellar lines.
Dermatol Surg.
2008;
34(S1)
S25-S30
Karen L BeasleyM.D.
The Maryland Laser, Skin, and Vein Institute, 54 Scott Adam Road
Suite 301, Hunt Valley, MD 21230
Email: kbeasley@mdlsv.com
