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DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1109740
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Anwendung der statischen und dynamischen Lichtstreuung – Eine Übersicht
Application of Static and Dynamic Light Scattering – A ReviewPublikationsverlauf
                     Eingegangen: 7.6.2009
                     
                     Angenommen: 10.8.2009
                     
Publikationsdatum:
16. März 2010 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Die dynamische Lichtstreuung (DLS) (quasielastische Lichtstreuung, Photon Korrelationsspektroskopie) misst die Brown’sche Bewegung von Makromolekülen (MM). Kleine MM bewegen sich schnell, große langsam. DLS misst die mit diesen Bewegungen verknüpften Lichtemissionen. Daraus lässt sich mit einigen Zusatzannahmen die Relaxation dieser MM-Bewegungen berechnen sowie die hydrodynamischen Diffusionskoeffizienten solcher MM in kolloidaler Lösung. Zahlreiche pathologische Störungen im Bereich der transparenten Medien des Auges, aber auch allgemeine Krankheiten, wie die Alzheimersche Krankheit, die Atherosklerose sowie andere Alterskrankheiten können durch eine abnorme Verklumpung (Kondensation, Agglutination) von MM erklärt werden. Medikamente, wie das Panthetine, wirken auf die Ionenstärke solcher MM und können Verklumpungen verhindern. Sie sind im Tierversuch hochwirksam und es besteht die Hoffnung, dass solche Medikamente auch beim Menschen wirksam werden dürften. Statische Lichtstreuung (SLS) (Tyndallometrie, Nephelometrie) kann das Gewicht von Streupartikeln messen aber nicht, wie die DLS, die Größe von MM.
Abstract
Dynamic light scattering (DLS) measures the oscillations of macromolecules (MM) (Brownian motion). Small MM move fast, large MM slowly. DLS allows one to measure the relaxation of the movements of these MM, together with their sizes and their hydrodynamic diffusion coefficients. By DLS not only the pathogenesis of a large number of eye diseases but also those of general diseases may be determined. The origin of this class of diseases is the condensation (agglutination) of MM. Medicaments, such as Panthetine, have been shown to be effective in animal experiments by acting on the ionic strength of disturbed MM. They may have a fair chance to be effective also in humans. Static light scattering (tyndallometry, nephelometry) (SLS) is able to determine the weight of MM, but however their shape, as DLS can.
Schlüsselwörter
Dynamische Lichtstreuung - Quasielastische Lichtstreuung - Photonen Korrelationsspektroskopie
Key words
dynamic light scattering - quasi-elastic light scattering - photon correlation spectroscopy
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