Abstract
Aims and Backgrounds
The goal of the article is to help surgeons understand the anatomy and surgical technique
of alloplastic and osseous genioplasty.
Historical Aspects
The article provides a brief history of cosmetic osseous genioplasty and the rise
of alloplastic genioplasty after the 1950s.
Anatomy
This study describes the vertical thirds of the face with anatomic landmarks and the
zero meridian assessment for chin deficiencies.
Technology
Use of virtual surgical planning for custom genioplasty advancements and hardware
and the ultrasonic bone saw for bony cuts.
Patient Selection
This article also describes how to evaluate patients for genioplasty and determine
if alloplastic or osseous genioplasty will result in the best patient desired outcome,
including the degree of advancement desired, any change in vertical height, correction
in horizontal asymmetry, or reduction of the chin.
Techniques
The surgical technique is described for both osseous and alloplastic genioplasty.
An intraoral approach is described for osseous genioplasty, while external and intraoral
is described for alloplastic.
Postoperative Care
Brief discussion of postoperative care, including compressive dressings, postoperative
edema, and duration of liquid diet.
Current and Future Development
Improvement of custom planning with virtual surgical plans as well as development
of implants with low risk of infection and extrusion.
Conclusion and Clinical Relevance
This study summarizes the anatomic importance of genioplasty with the advantages and
disadvantages of osseous and alloplastic genioplasty.
Keywords
osseous genioplasty - alloplastic genioplasty - chin implant - microgenia
