Abstract
Smart knee implants integrate advanced sensor-based technologies, forming a unique
technology-embedded total knee arthroplasty (TKA) implant. Such implants introduce
the ability to capture new elements of patient-related data for use in the context
of recovery in real time including subjective reported outcomes and objective outcomes
related to range of motion, and gait parameters. This technology allows for real-time
data capture and patient-specific insights, creating opportunities to optimize postoperative
care. This brief narrative review discusses the foundations and origin of technology-embedded
implants, beginning with research-related roots relating to the derivation of fundamental
knee joint force measurements. Analyzing the current market of implants, the present
review investigates the technological capacities of modern designs including form
and function. Further discussed is an evaluation of smart knee implant effectiveness,
focusing on its impact on recovery outcomes such as patient-reported outcome measures
(PROMs), functional improvement, gait patterns, and patient adherence/satisfaction.
Smart implants represent a significant technological advancement in personalized care,
leveraging real-time data including joint motion, alignment, and patient motion to
assist surgeons in optimizing rehabilitation protocols. These implants provide insights
into recovery progression postoperatively, with the potential for early identification
of at-risk individuals. Preliminary studies demonstrate favorable patient outcomes
and satisfaction, although further research is necessary to establish the long-term
benefits and efficacy of smart knee implants.
Keywords
Total Knee Arthroplasty - functional outcomes - sensors - smartphone applications
- range of motion
