Empfehlungen bei progredienter Myopie im Kindes- und Jugendalter^[*]

Epidemiologie

Bis zum Ende der Grundschulzeit werden in Deutschland aktuell ca. 15% aller Kinder myop [1]. Die Rate steigt auf bis auf ca. 45% im Alter von 25 Jahren [2]. Weltweit wird zwar eine Zunahme der Myopie beobachtet [3], in Deutschland jedoch ist die Rate der Myopie bei Brillenverordnungen in den letzten 15 Jahren unter den Jugendlichen vorerst konstant geblieben [4]. Insbesondere die hohe Myopie ist neben dem Faktor Lebensalter der Hauptrisikofaktor für degenerative Augenerkrankungen wie Katarakt, Glaukom, Netzhautablösung und myope Makuladegeneration [5]. Somit kommt der Minderung von Myopieprogression im Kindesalter eine besondere Bedeutung zu.

^* Diese Stellungnahme erscheint ebenfalls in der Zeitschrift Der Ophthalmologe, Springer Verlag, Heidelberg.

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