Abstract
In pneumology, preventive check-ups have played a subordinate role so far. Current
research results could change this. In the following article the focus is on lung
cancer and COPD, diseases that have a considerable influence on mortality and morbidity
in modern society. Approaches will be discussed that will allow earlier diagnosis
of COPD or identify patients at risk. In particular Capture, a questionnaire that
significantly increases the pre-test probability in COPD diagnostics, should be mentioned
here. Lung carcinoma screening is a controversial topic in Germany. In an American
study, the relative mortality rate from lung cancer was significantly reduced by CT
screening. Results of a European study (Nelson trial) are still pending. A high pre-test
probability will also be decisive for lung cancer screening. In this way, the cost-benefit
ratio could be optimized. Since COPD patients have a significantly increased risk
of lung cancer, there might be overlaps in the screening procedures.
In der Pneumologie spielen Vorsorgeuntersuchungen bisher eine untergeordnete Rolle.
Aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse könnten daran etwas ändern. Im Folgenden wird der aktuelle
Stand der Vorsorgeuntersuchungen näher beleuchtet. Der Fokus liegt auf dem Lungenkarzinom
sowie der chronisch obstruktiven Lungenerkrankung, die einen erheblichen Einfluss
auf die Mortalität und Morbidität in unserer Gesellschaft haben.
Schlüsselwörter
Vorsorgeuntersuchungen - Lungenkarzinom - COPD - CAPTURE - NELSON
Key words
screening - lung cancer - COPD - CAPTURE - NELSON
