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Int J Angiol
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1782657
Original Article

Enhanced External Counterpulsation Outcomes Study: Retrospective Analyses of Data Obtained from Patients at a Single Medical Center in United States

Ashok Akula
1   Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiac Rehab, Mayo Clinic Health System – Southwest Wisconsin Region, La Crosse, Wisconsin
,
Heidi R. Grafft
1   Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiac Rehab, Mayo Clinic Health System – Southwest Wisconsin Region, La Crosse, Wisconsin
,
Nadia Tak
2   University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN
,
Douglas A. Haberman
1   Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiac Rehab, Mayo Clinic Health System – Southwest Wisconsin Region, La Crosse, Wisconsin
,
Tahir Tak
3   Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
› Author Affiliations Funding None.
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Abstract

The aim was to explore the effectiveness of enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) therapy in patients with severe angina pectoris/ chronic heart failure symptoms, who were not suitable candidates for invasive treatment. This retrospective study employed a comprehensive methodology that includes individualized treatment, continuous monitoring, and thorough pre- and postprogram evaluations to assess the efficacy of EECP therapy. The standard protocol involved 35 one-hour treatments, with flexibility for extensions based on therapeutic progress. When pre- and posttreatment results were analyzed, EECP improved the original functional class compared with pretreatment. The mean difference in the functional class was 1.32 (0.92), p < 0.0001. Six-minute walk (6MW) distance improved from 383.6 m (110.24) to 423.1 m (121.50) with mean difference of 37.1 (44.99), p < 0.0001. Duke Activity Status Index (DASI) score improved from 3.9 (2.75) to 6.0 (4.17) with mean difference of 2.16 (3.8), p < 0.0001. Training metabolic equivalents (METs) improved from 3.0 (0.74) to 4.0 (1.57) with mean difference of 1.04 (1.2), p < 0.0001. Weekly anginal events decreased from 13.1 (13.19) to 3.2 (7.38) with mean difference of –9.78 (11.7), p < 0.0001. EECP resulted in improvement of angina pectoris functional class, the 6MW distance, reduction in the number of hospitalizations in first year posttreatment, a significant decrease in sublingual nitroglycerin use, improvement of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and improvement of DASI score.

Keywords

angina pectoris - congestive heart failure - coronary artery disease - external counterpulsation therapy - myocardial ischemia

Note

All authors had access to the data and a role in writing this manuscript. The concept and design of the study was planned and completed by T.T.




Publication History

Article published online:
30 March 2024

© 2024. International College of Angiology. This article is published by Thieme.

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