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Planta Med
DOI: 10.1055/a-2294-6922
Original Papers

Cardioprotective Effects of Aloysia polystachya Essential Oil on a Rat Model with Multiple Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Karyne Garcia Tafarelo Moreno
1   Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
,
Aline Aparecida Macedo Marques
1   Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
,
Gabriela Pereira da Silva
1   Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
,
Luana Ale Bertoncelo
1   Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
,
Luciane Barbosa Pessoal
1   Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
,
Larissa Dantas Gonçalves
1   Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
,
Ariany Carvalho dos Santos
2   Laboratory of Histopathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
,
Roosevelt Isaías Carvalho Souza
2   Laboratory of Histopathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
,
Denise Brentan Silva
3   Laboratory of Natural Products and Mass Spectrometry (LAPNEM), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
,
Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior 
1   Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
› Author AffiliationsSupported by: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico 305742/2022-1
Supported by: Fundação de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento do Ensino, Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul 83/013.186/2023
Supported by: Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
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Abstract

Traditional medicine is a frequently utilized method to treat cardiovascular disease and its primary risk factors, including hypertension and dyslipidemia. Aloysia polystachya is a species that is commonly employed to treat various pathological conditions, and it has already been identified as having some cardioprotective effects. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of the essential oil extracted from the leaves of A. polystachya in a rat model that simulates multiple cardiovascular risk factors. We evaluate the acute toxicity, as well as the cardioprotective effects, by giving different doses of A. polystachya essential oil (1.47 mg/kg, 4.40 mg/kg, and 13.20 mg/kg) over a period of 42 days. The control group was treated with rosuvastatin (5 mg/kg). At the end of the treatments, the renal function, electrocardiography, blood pressure, vascular reactivity, serum biochemical profile, and organ histopathology were evaluated. The main compounds identified in the essential oil of A. polystachya using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry were beta-myrcene (1.08%), limonene (40.13%), and carvone (56.47%). The essential oil of A. polystachya not only lacks acute toxicity but also mitigates the reduction in the excretion of sodium, chloride, and creatinine in urine. Furthermore, it reduces electrocardiographic abnormalities and decreases blood pressure levels. Moreover, this treatment prevents an elevation in markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in the bloodstream. Our findings indicate significant cardioprotective effects of the essential oil of A. polystachya against multiple risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in hypertensive rats.

Keywords

Verbenacea - kaʼá jaguá - traditional medicine - dyslipidemias - antihypertensive - antioxidant


Publication History

Received: 25 September 2023

Accepted after revision: 19 March 2024

Article published online:
17 April 2024

© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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