Rauchen und Körpergewicht - ein Kardinalproblem

Zusammenfassung

Ein gesundheitspolitisches wichtiges Problem sind die im Zusammenhang mit dem Rauchen diskutierten Gewichtsveränderungen. Einerseits wird behauptet, dass Rauchen zur Gewichtsreduktion führt, andererseits kommt es nach einem konsequenten Rauchstopp zu mittleren Gewichtszunahmen von 2,5 bis 8,5 kg, wobei die Zunahme im ersten Jahr nach dem Rauchstopp am stärksten ansteigt, aber auch in den darauffolgenden Jahren noch zu beobachten ist. Sowohl Nikotin als auch die Abbrandprodukte des Tabaks werden für diese Veränderungen verantwortlich gemacht, wobei insgesamt eine erhöhte Insulinresistenz und erhöhte Leptinwerte beobachtet wurden. Die Gewichtsteigerung fällt um so stärker nach einem Rauchstopp aus, je mehr Zigaretten täglich geraucht wurden. Insgesamt ist mit allem Nachdruck zu vertreten, dass die gesundheitlichen Vorteile eines Rauchstopps bei weitem den geringeren Nachteil einer zumeist auch diätetisch zu beherrschenden Gewichtszunahme überragen.

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