Leukoplakie und Erythroplakie – Zwei orale Präkursorläsionen

Zusammenfassung

Die orale Leukoplakie/Erythroplakie gehört zu den häufigsten epithelialen Präkursorläsionen des oralen Plattenepithelkarzinoms. Klinisch unterscheidet man homogene und nicht homogene Leukoplakien sowie die proliferative verruköse Leukoplakie und die Erythroplakie. Aufgrund der schlechten Prognose des oralen Plattenepithelkarzinoms ist es von großer Bedeutung, Morbidität und Mortalität durch die gezielte Primär-, Sekundär- und Tertiärprävention der Leukoplakie/Erythroplakie zu verringern. Anhand von histologischen Klassifikationssystemen lässt sich das Risiko der malignen Transformation abschätzen, eine definierte Therapie einleiten und Prognosen ableiten.

Abstract

The oral leukoplakia/erythroplakia is one of the most common epithelial precursor lesions of the oral squamous cell carcinoma. A clinical distinction is drawn between homogeneous and non-homogeneous as well as proliferative verrucous leukoplakia and erythroplakia. Due to the fact that the oral squamous cell carcinoma has a poor prognosis it is very important to decrease morbidity and mortality by systematic primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of the oral leukoplakia/erythroplakia. On the basis of histological classification systems the risk of malignant transformation can be evaluated, a defined therapy can be induced and the prognosis can be derived.

Schlüsselwörter

Epitheldysplasie - Präkanzerose - prämaligne Läsionen - Plattenepithelkarzinome des Kopf-Hals-Bereichs - intraepitheliale Plattenepithelneoplasie - Ljubljana-Klassifikation

Key words

epithelial dysplasia - precancerosis - premalignant lesion - squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck region - squamous intraepithelial neoplasia - Ljubljana classification

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