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J Pediatr Genet 2013; 02(02): 069-075
DOI: 10.3233/PGE-13050
Review Article
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart – New York

Genetic polymorphisms as a risk factor for dyslipidemia in children

Izabela R. Santos
a   Department of General Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
b   Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Pharmacy School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
,
Ana Paula Fernandes
b   Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Pharmacy School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
,
Marinez O. Sousa
b   Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Pharmacy School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
,
Cláudia N. Ferreira
c   Technical College, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
,
Karina B. Gomes
a   Department of General Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
b   Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Pharmacy School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Publication History

19 February 2013

26 April 2013

Publication Date:
27 July 2015 (online)

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Abstract

Dyslipidemia is an important etiological factor for development of cardiovascular disease, which is the leading cause of deaths in adults. Given the growing global epidemic of dyslipidemia, lipoprotein metabolism disorders have become an important health problem not only in adulthood, but have also emerged as an increasingly risk factor in childhood. Although several genome-wide association studies in multiple large population-based cohorts of adults and meta-analyses have identified susceptibility genes or loci, especially in lipid-related traits, it is of great importance to evaluate genetic predisposition at an early age. Recent findings suggest that the identification of polymorphisms in the metabolism of lipids in childhood may help fight subclinical atherosclerosis and its progression to cardiovascular complications in adulthood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to review genetic polymorphisms as risk factors associated with dyslipidemia in children and adolescents.

Keywords

Dyslipidemia - childhood - polymorphism - cardiovascular risk