Thromb Haemost 2014; 112(06): 1319-1322
DOI: 10.1160/th14-08-0711
Letters to the Editor
Schattauer GmbH

HIT complicating fondaparinux prophylaxis: fondaparinux-dependent platelet activation as a marker for fondaparinux- induced HIT

Theodore E. Warkentin
1   Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
2   Department of Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
,
Jo-Ann I. Sheppard
1   Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
,
Jonathan C. Manheim
3   Department of Medicine, University of Colorado-Denver, Presbyterian-St. Luke’s Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, USA
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received: 29 August 2014

Accepted: 05 September 2014

Publication Date:
18 November 2017 (online)

 

 
  • References

  • 1 Greinacher A, Pötzsch B, Amiral J. et al. Heparin-associated thrombocytopenia: isolation of the antibody and characterization of a multimolecular PF4-heparin complex as the major antigen. Thromb Haemost 1994; 71: 247-251.
  • 2 Warkentin TE, Maurer BT, Aster RH. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia associated with fondaparinux. N Engl J Med 2007; 356: 2653-2654.
  • 3 Rota E, Bazzan M, Fantino G. Fondaparinux-related thrombocytopenia in a previous low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH)-induced heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). Thromb Hae-most 2008; 99: 779-781.
  • 4 Salem M, Elrefai S, Shrit MA. et al. Fondaparinux thromboprophylaxis-associated heparin-induced thrombocytopenia syndrome complicated by arterial thrombotic stroke. Thromb Haemost 2010; 104: 1071-1072.
  • 5 Burch M, Cooper B. Fondaparinux-associated heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Proc Bayl Univ Med Cent 2012; 25: 13-15.
  • 6 Warkentin TE, Chakraborty AK, Sheppard JI, Griffin DK. The serological profile of fondaparinux-associated heparin-induced thrombocytopenia syndrome. Thromb Haemost 2012; 108: 394-396.
  • 7 Cook RJ, Marder VJ, Sheppard JI, Moore JC, Eriksson BI, Greinacher A, Kelton JG. Anti-platelet factor 4/heparin antibodies in orthopedic surgery patients receiving antithrombotic prophylaxis with fondaparinux or enoxaparin. Blood 2005; 106: 3791-3796.
  • 8 Savi P, Chong BH, Greinacher A. et al. Effect of fondaparinux on platelet activation in the presence of heparin-dependent antibodies: a blinded comparative multicenter study with unfractionated heparin. Blood 2005; 105: 139-144.
  • 9 Warkentin TE, Kelton JG. Delayed-onset heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis. Ann Intern Med 2001; 135: 502-506.
  • 10 Kopolovic I, Warkentin TE. Progressive thrombocytopenia after cardiac surgery in a 67-year-old man. CMAJ 2014; 186: 929-933.
  • 11 Lo GK, Juhl D, Warkentin TE. et al. Evaluation of pretest clinical score (4 T‘s) for the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in two clinical settings. J Thromb Haemost 2006; 04: 759-765.
  • 12 Warkentin TE, Hayward CPM, Smith CA. et al. Determinants of donor platelet variability when testing for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. J Lab Clin Med 1992; 120: 371-379.
  • 13 Horsewood P, Warkentin TE, Hayward CPM, Kelton JG. The epitope specificity of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Br J Haematol 1996; 95: 161-167.
  • 14 Warkentin TE. Agents for the treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Hematol/Oncol Clin N Am 2010; 24: 755-775.
  • 15 Warkentin TE, Makris M, Jay RM. et al. A spontaneous prothrombotic disorder resembling heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Am J Med 2008; 121: 632-636.
  • 16 Warkentin TE, Basciano PA, Knopman J. et al. Spontaneous heparin-induced thrombocytopenia syndrome: 2 new cases and a proposal for defining this disorder. Blood 2014; 123: 3651-3654.
  • 17 Warkentin TE, Sikov WM, Lillicrap DP. Multicentric warfarin-induced skin necrosis complicating heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Am J Hematol 1999; 62: 44-48.
  • 18 Kaiber FL, Malucelli TO, Baroni Edo R. et al. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and warfarin-induced skin necrosis: case report. An Bras Dermatol 2010; 85: 915-918.
  • 19 Warkentin TE, Elavathil LJ, Hayward CPM. et al. The pathogenesis of venous limb gangrene associated with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Ann Intern Med 1997; 127: 804-812.
  • 20 Warkentin TE. Coumarin-induced skin necrosis and venous limb gangrene. In: Marder VJ, Aird WC, Bennett JS, Schulman S, White GC. eds.. Hemostasis and Thrombosis: Basic Principles and Clinical Practice,. 6th edn.. Philadelphia:: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins,; 2013. pp. 1308-1317.
  • 21 Greinacher A, Alban S, Omer-Adam MA. et al. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: a stoichiometry-based model to explain the differing immunogenicities of unfractionated heparin, low-molecular-weight heparin, and fondaparinux in different clinical settings. Thromb Res 2008; 122: 211-220.
  • 22 Warkentin TE, Cook RJ, Marder VJ. et al. Anti-PF4/heparin antibody formation post-orthopedic surgery thromboprophylaxis: the role of non-drug risk factors and evidence for a stoichiometry-based model of immunization. J Thromb Haemost 2010; 08: 504-512.
  • 23 Warkentin TE, Sheppard JI. Serological investigation of patients with a previous history of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia who are reexposed to heparin. Blood 2014; 123: 2485-2493.
  • 24 Warkentin TE, Kelton JG. Temporal aspects of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. N Engl J Med 2001; 344: 1286-1292.
  • 25 Linkins LA, Dans AL, Moores LK. et al., American College of Chest Physicians. Treatment and prevention of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed. American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-based Clinical Practice Guidelines. Chest 2012; 141 (Suppl. 02) e495S-530S.