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Thromb Haemost 2015; 114(02): 297-312
DOI: 10.1160/TH14-11-0911
Cellular Haemostasis and Platelets
Schattauer GmbH

Platelets from flowing blood attach to the inflammatory chemokine CXCL16 expressed in the endothelium of the human vessel wall

Sascha Meyer dos Santos
1   Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
2   Fraunhofer Institute IME, Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Frankfurt, Germany
,
Kira Blankenbach
3   Department of Pharmacology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
,
Klaus Scholich
1   Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
,
Angela Dörr
1   Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
,
Nadejda Monsefi
4   Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
,
Michael Keese
5   Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
,
Bona Linke
1   Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
,
Hans Deckmyn
6   Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, IRF-Ls, KU Leuven Kulak, Kortrijk, Belgium
,
Karen Nelson
5   Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
,
Sebastian Harder
1   Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
› Author Affiliations Financial support: This work was supported by an institutional grant from the Goethe University (Held and Hecker).
Further Information

Publication History

Received: 03 November 2014

Accepted after major revision: 03 March 2015

Publication Date:
29 November 2017 (online)

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Summary

Endothelial chemokine CXC motif ligand 16 (CXCL16) expression is associated with atherosclerosis, while platelets, particularly those attaching to atherosclerotic plaque, contribute to all stages of athero-sclerotic disease. This investigation was designed to examine the role of CXCL16 in capturing platelets from flowing blood. CXCL16 was expressed in human atherosclerotic plaques, and lesion severity in human carotid endarterectomy specimens was positively correlated with CXCL16 levels. CXCL16 expression in plaques was co-localised with platelets deposited to the endothelium. Immobilised CXCL16 promoted CXCR6-dependent platelet adhesion to the human vessel wall, endothelial cells and von Willebrand factor during physiologic flow. At low shear, immobilised CXCL16 captured platelets from flowing blood. It also induced irreversible platelet aggregation and a rise in intra-platelet calcium levels. These results demonstrate that endothelial CXCL16’s action on platelets is not only limited to platelet activation, but that immobilised CXCL16 also acts as a potent novel platelet adhesion ligand, inducing platelet adhesion to the human vessel wall.

Keywords

Adhesion - adhesion receptors - chemokines - platelets - vascular inflammation

 

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