Qt Dispersion in Soccer Players During Exercise Testing

Abstract

Screening for cardiac health should involve relevant parameters or indices that are easy and inexpensive to obtain. Various cardiac adaptation mechanisms develop during regular exercise that are affected by many factors, and these are reflected on a surface electrocardiogram. QT dispersion has been considered a surrogate for heterogeneity of repolarization, leading to ventricular arrhythmias. We compared QT parameters between athletes and sedentary subjects. A total of 225 men were assessed, comprising a group of professional soccer players and sedentaries. Each subject underwent supine 12-lead electrocardiographic examinations and exercise testing by ergospirometry. QT parameters were taken at rest and at peak exercise. Peak oxygen consumption was considerably higher in the athletes than in the controls (59.3 ± 5.6 vs. 44.3 ± 2.4 ml/kg/min, mean ± SD, p < 0.001). QT parameters at rest: There were significant differences in heart-rate-corrected rest maximal QT duration (413.9 ± 50.5 vs. 445.3 ± 45.7 ms, p < 0.001) and in heart-rate-corrected rest minimum QT duration (380.5 ± 51.2 vs. 409.5 ± 46.7 ms, p < 0.001). QT parameters at peak exercise: maximal QT duration at peak exercise (253.9 ± 20.8 vs. 261.7 ± 26.2, p = 0.02), QT dispersion at peak exercise (25.2 ± 9.1 vs. 29.5 ± 15.8 ms, p = 0.04), heart-rate-corrected QT dispersion at peak exercise (44.6 ± 16.4 vs. 52.6 ± 28.3 ms, p = 0.03) differed significantly between professional soccer players and controls. QT dispersion and corrected QT dispersion at peak exercise are lower in athletes than in controls. Athletes and other subjects identified with a long QT interval should be examined at regular intervals.

Key words

QT dispersion - exercise testing - peak oxygen consumption - athlete’s heart - long-QT syndrome

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