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Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 2018; 86(05): 308-318
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-123069
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© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Störung zirkadianer Rhythmen im Kontext depressiver Erkrankungen

Circadian rhythms and depression
Markus Wittmann
,
Wolfgang Schreiber
,
Michael Landgrebe
,
Göran Hajak
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
29 May 2018 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Die Entstehung depressiver Erkrankungen wird im Allgemeinen als multifaktorielles Geschehen verstanden. In den letzten Jahren konnten vielfältige neurobiologische Veränderungen beschrieben werden, die mit der Entstehung und dem Verlauf von depressiven Erkrankungen in Zusammenhang gebracht werden. Das ursprüngliche Paradigma der Monoanminomangelhypothese wird dabei immer weiter relativiert, es resultiert somit mittlerweile ein komplexes, aber immer noch nicht vollständiges Verständnis der Genese dieser Erkrankungen. Dabei greifen die verschiedenen physiologischen Erkrankungsmodelle mit wachsendem Wissensstand zunehmend ineinander über.

In Zusammenhang mit der multifaktoriellen Genese depressiver Erkrankungen konnten in den letzten Jahren vielfältige neurobiologische Veränderungen beschrieben werden. Das Paradigma der Monoaminmangel-Hypothese wird dabei immer mehr relativiert, es resultiert mittlerweile ein komplexes, immer noch nicht vollständiges Verständnis der Genese dieser Erkrankungen mit verschiedenen physiologischen Erkrankungsmodellen.

Abstract

Depressive disorders are associated with various neurobiological alterations like hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, altered neuroplasticity and altered circadian rhythms. Relating to the circadian symptoms, a process is adopted in which individual genetic factors together with social, psychological and physical stressors may lead to a decompensation of the circadian system. The causal connections between depressive disorders and disturbed circadian rhythms have not been completely clarified. Chronobiological therapy is based on these disturbed processes. For the treatment of the circadian symptoms, various scientifically tested chronotherapeutics are available with however different effectiveness and evidence like light therapy or sleep deprivation. The successful treatment of depression also frequently leads to a improvement in altered circadian rhythm.

Schlüsselwörter

Affektive Erkrankungen - Zirkadiane Rhythmen - Depression

Key words

affektive disorders - circadian rhythms - depression
 

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