Nierentransplantatbiopsie

Die Nierenbiopsie ist ein wichtiges diagnostisches Hilfsmittel für das Verstehen des Verlaufes nach Nierentransplantation. Neben Nachweis oder Ausschluss einer Rejektion können auch viele Differenzialdiagnosen reichend von einer Rekurrenz der Grunderkrankung über Infektionen (Polyoma-, Zytomegalie- und Hantavirus), Tumoren (Lymphom, Leichtketteninfiltration) oder weitere prärenale (Nierenarterienstenose) bzw. postrenale Ursachen diagnostiziert oder ausgeschlossen werden. Die Banff-Klassifikation in der aktuellen Fassung von 2013 dient dabei v. a. zur Klassifizierung von unterschiedlichen Abstoßungsarten und chronischen Veränderungen [1]. Komplikationen der Transplantatbiopsie sind selten, sodass dieses Instrument für die Diagnostik genutzt werden sollte. Kontraindikationen für eine Biopsie stellen nur ein nicht einstellbarer Hypertonus und eine ausgeprägte Blutungsneigung dar.

• Literatur

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