Download PDF
Int J Sports Med 2016; 37(14): 1150-1153
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-112590
Orthopedics & Biomechanics
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Continued Sex-Differences in the Rate and Severity of Knee Injuries among Collegiate Soccer Players: The NCAA Injury Surveillance System, 2004–2009

D. Fulstone
1   Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, United States
,
A. Chandran
1   Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, United States
,
M. Barron
1   Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, United States
,
L. DiPietro
1   Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, United States
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History



accepted after revision 01 July 2016

Publication Date:
05 October 2016 (online)

Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

We extend previous analyses and examined sex-differences in the rate and severity of knee injuries among collegiate soccer players between 2004 and 2009. Data from the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance System (NCAA ISS) were used to calculate injury incidence density (ID) per 1 000 athletic exposures (AE). Multivariable regression modeling then tested the relation between sex and knee injury incidence and severity among all injured soccer players, while controlling for contact, setting, and division level, as well as for the interactions among these variables. The rate of knee injuries was 1.19 per 1 000 AEs in women and 0.91 per 1 000 AEs in men (RR=1.31, 95% Wald CI=[1.16, 1.47]). In the multivariable modeling, women continued to experience significantly higher odds of knee injury compared with men (aOR=1.44, 95% CI=[1.27,1.63]). Also, the adjusted odds of a knee injury that resulted in surgery remained higher in women compared with men (aOR=1.61 (1.00, 2.58), as well as the amount of time lost from participation (beta=0.129; p=0.05). Given the prominence of soccer play in the United States, continued efforts to evaluate and improve knee injury prevention practices and policies may be especially important for female players.

Key words

epidemiology - injury - football (soccer)
 

  • References

  • 1 Agel J, Arendt EA, Bershadsky B. Anterior cruciate ligament injury in National Collegiate Athletic Association basketball and soccer a 13-year review. Am J Sports Med 2005; 33: 524-531
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Agel J, Evans TA, Dick R, Putukian M, Marshall SW. Descriptive epidemiology of collegiate men’s soccer injuries: National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance System, 1988–1989 through 2002–2003. J Athl Train 2007; 42: 270-277
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Alentorn-Geli E, Myer GD, Silvers HJ, Samitier G, Romero D, Lázaro-Haro C, Cugat R. Prevention of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injuries in soccer players. Part 1: Mechanisms of injury and underlying risk factors. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2009; 17: 705
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Arendt EA, Agel J, Dick R. Anterior cruciate ligament injury patterns among collegiate men and women. J Athl Train 1999; 34: 86
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Arendt E, Dick R. Knee injury patterns among men and women in collegiate basketball and soccer NCAA data and review of literature. Am J Sports Med 1995; 23: 694-701
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Dai B, Mao D, Garrett WE, Yu B. Anterior cruciate ligament injuries in soccer: Loading mechanisms, risk factors, and prevention programs. J Sport Health Sci 2014; 3: 299-306
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Dick R, Putukian M, Agel J, Evans TA, Marshall SW. Descriptive epidemiology of collegiate women’s soccer injuries: National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance System, 1988–1989 through 2002–2003. J Athl Train 2007; 42: 278
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Dick R, Agel J, Marshall SW. National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance System commentaries: introduction and methods. J Athl Train 2007; 42: 173-182
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Harriss DJ, Atkinson G. Ethical standards in sports and exercise science research: 2016 update. Int J Sports Med 2015; 36: 1121-1124
    Google Scholar
  • 10 Kerr ZY, Dompier TP, Snook EM, Marshall SW, Klossner D, Hainline B, Corlette J. National collegiate athletic association injury surveillance system: review of methods for 2004–2005 through 2013–2014 data collection. J Athl Train 2014; 49: 552-560
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Kucera KL, Marshall SW, Bell DR, DiStefano MJ, Goerger CP, Oyama S. Validity of soccer injury data from the National Collegiate Athletic Association’s Injury Surveillance System. J Athl Train 2011; 46: 489
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Mihata LC, Beutler A, Boden BP. Comparing the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injury in collegiate lacrosse, soccer, and basketball players: implications for anterior cruciate ligament mechanism and prevention. Am J Sports Med 2006; 34: 899-904
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Waldén M, Hägglund M, Werner J, Ekstrand J. The epidemiology of anterior cruciate ligament injury in football (soccer): a review of the literature from a gender-related perspective. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2011; 19: 3-10
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar