Psychiatrisches Pflegepraktikum und die Förderung des fachspezifischen Ausbildungsinteresses

Zusammenfassung

Das Pflegepraktikum als Zugangsweg in den psychiatrischen Fachbereich ist weitgehend unbeachtet. Eine deutschlandweite Umfrage analysiert das medizinische Pflegepraktikum unter den Aspekten: praktische Fähigkeiten, Lehre im Pflegepraktikum, Kompetenzerwerb und Zufriedenheit. Die wenigen Studierenden im psychiatrischen Pflegepraktikum weisen auf entscheidende praktische inhaltliche Aspekte hin, geben einen Einblick in die Bewertung der Zufriedenheit und zu dem Zugang in das Fachpflegepraktikum. Eine gelungene inhaltliche Strukturierung des praktischen Initialkontaktes kann Studierende bei der Fachauswahl unterstützen.

Abstract

Qualified personnel in the field of medical psychiatry are crucial to providing comprehensive care. The importance of a nursing internship as an access point to the psychiatric field is not considered by key players. A survey conducted across German medical schools in 2012 analyzed medical care internships as viewed by medical school students. From among students surveyed, those who participated in a nursing internship, and would consider taking part in further internships within the psychiatric department (“PFJ”), were separated from those who were not sure (“PFU”) or who would not (“PFN”) consider further study in the field of psychiatry. The survey’s conclusion was that a comparably small number of students opted for a psychiatric nursing internship based upon practical aspects of content, satisfaction, and access to nursing internships. A potential solution to the low numbers of students selecting psychiatric internships is to restructure the initial contact program that psychiatric departments use to introduce prospective medical school students to the field of psychiatry.

Schlüsselwörter

Fachkräfte akquirieren - Pflegepraktikum - Psychiatrie - multizentrisch - Zufriedenheit

Key words

acquisition - nursing internship - psychiatry - multi-centric study - satisfaction

• Literatur

• 1 Grozinger M, Amlacher J, Schneider F. Positions for medical doctors in German hospitals for psychiatry and psychotherapy. Nervenarzt 2011; 82: 1460-1466, 1468
• 2 Grozinger M, Nesseler T, Schneider F. [Report of the DGPPN 11/2009] Die besten Köpfe für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie – Nachwuchskampagne der DGPPN. Nervenarzt 2009; 80: 1389-1402
• 3 Schneider F, Falkai P, Maier W. Psychiatrie 2020 plus, Perspektiven, Chancen, Herausforderungen. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag; 2012
• 4 Baller FA, Ludwig KV, Kinas-Gnadt Olivares CL et al. Exploring the ideas and expectations of German medical students towards career choices and the speciality of psychiatry. International review of psychiatry 2013; 25: 425-430
• 5 Maidment R, Livingston G, Katona C et al. Change in attitudes to psychiatry and intention to pursue psychiatry as a career in newly qualified doctors: a follow-up of two cohorts of medical students. Medical teacher 2004; 26: 565-569
• 6 Mathers CD, Loncar D. Projections of global mortality and burden of disease from 2002 to 2030. PLoS medicine 2006; 3: e442
• 7 Kopetsch T. Arztentwicklung: Hohe Abwanderung ins Ausland und sehr geringe Arbeitslosigkeit. Deutsches Ärzteblatt 2009; 106: A757-A760
• 8 Kopetsch T. Ärztemangel trotz steigender Arztzahlen – ein Widerspruch, der keiner ist. In, Analyse zur Ärztestatistik der Bundesärztekammer 2008
• 9 Balon R. Does a clerkship in psychiatry affect medical students’ attitudes toward psychiatry?. Academic psychiatry: the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry 2008; 32: 73-75
• 10 Eagles JM, Wilson S, Murdoch JM et al. What impact do undergraduate experiences have upon recruitment into psychiatry?. Psychiatric Bulletin 2007; 31: 70-72
• 11 Serby M, Schmeidler J, Smith J. Length of psychiatry clerkships: recent changes and the relationship to recruitment. Academic psychiatry: the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry 2002; 26: 102-104
• 12 Park RS, Chibnall JT, Morrow A. Relationship of rotation timing to pattern of clerkship performance in psychiatry. Academic psychiatry: the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry 2005; 29: 267-273
• 13 Lyons Z. Impact of the psychiatry clerkship on medical student attitudes towards psychiatry and to psychiatry as a career. Academic psychiatry: the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry 2014; 38: 35-42
• 14 Schäfer HM, Sennekamp M, Gilbert K et al. Kann das Blockpraktikum Allgemeinmedizin Studierende in ihrer Wahrnehmung der Berufszufriedenheit von Hausärzten beeinflussen? Can an Internship in Family Medicine Influence Students’ Perceptions of Professional Satisfaction among Primary Care Doctors?. Zeitschift für Allgemeinmedizin 2010; 83: 109-112
• 15 Pharmazie LB-WfMu. Merkblatt Krankenpflegedienst/Krankenpflegedienst im Ausland. In; 01.07.2013:1–6
• 16 Füllgraf O und J. F. Debian. Flaschenhals Mitarbeiter. In: Lohmann H, (Hrsg); Mitarbeiter händeringend gesucht: Personalkonzepte sichern Überleben. Heidelberg: Medhoch-zwei-Verlag; 2011: 19-26
• 17 Dettner S, Kuhlmey A. Studienzufriedenheit und berufliche Zukunftsplanung von Medizinstudierenden – ein Vergleich zweier Ausbildungskonzepte. In: Schwartz F, Angerer P, Hrsg. Arbeitsbedingungen und Befinden von Ärztinnen und Ärzten – Befunde und Interventionen. Köln: Deutscher Ärzte-Verlag; 2010: 103-115
• 18 Roberts LW, Bandstra BS. Addressing stigma to strengthen psychiatric education. Academic psychiatry: the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry 2012; 36: 347-350
• 19 Lyons Z. Attitudes of medical students toward psychiatry and psychiatry as a career: a systematic review. Academic psychiatry: the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry 2013; 37: 150-157