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Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 43(02): 183-190
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1740335
Review Article

Risk Factors and Algorithms for the Empirical Treatment of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

Di Pan
1   Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
,
Michael S. Niederman
1   Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
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Abstract

Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) continue to be major concerns for morbidity and mortality, especially in patients treated in the intensive care unit. With the rise in multidrug-resistant organisms, HAP and VAP treatment is challenged by the need for early appropriate treatment, with broad-spectrum agents, while still being aware of the principles of antibiotic stewardship. The two major society guidelines proposed a series of risk factors in their most recent guidelines to help identify patients who can most benefit from narrow- or broad-spectrum initial empiric antibiotic therapy. The guidelines reveal differences in the proposed risk factors and treatment approaches, as well as major similarities.

Keywords

nosocomial pneumonia - risk factors for MDR pathogens - antibiotic choice - guidelines - antibiotic resistance


Publication History

Article published online:
18 January 2022

© 2022. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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