Download PDF
Journal of Pediatric Epilepsy 2022; 11(01): 001-006
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731037
Original Article

Factors Predicting the Recurrence of Febrile Seizure in Siloam General Hospital: A Descriptive Analysis

Gilbert S. Octavius 
1   Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pelita Harapan, Karawaci, Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia
,
Tan G. H. Handoko
1   Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pelita Harapan, Karawaci, Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia
,
Charista L. Budiputri
1   Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pelita Harapan, Karawaci, Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia
,
Michelle P. Muljono
1   Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pelita Harapan, Karawaci, Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia
,
Andry Juliansen
1   Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pelita Harapan, Karawaci, Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia
› Author Affiliations
› Further Information
    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Febrile seizure (FS) is one of the most common pediatric neurologic disorders, affecting 2 to 5% of children between 6 months and 5 years. In 2008 to 2010, almost half of children with FS in Indonesia experienced recurrences. Various factors have been related to potential predictors for FS recurrence. However, available data reported inconsistent results. Considering its high recurrence rate, this study aimed to determine and assess the factors predicting the recurrence of FS. A cross-sectional study was done in Siloam General Hospital, Lippo Village. The study period was from December 2018 to December 2019, and data were obtained through medical records. Out of 60 participants, 41.7% had recurrent FS. No administration of rectal diazepam before admission (odds ratio [OR] = 6.42; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.20–34.2, p = 0.027) was a predictive factor of recurrent FS, while female sex (OR = 0.23; 95% CI: 0.64–0.80, p = 0.025) and shorter duration of the first FS (OR = 0.21; 95% CI 0.06–0.69, p = 0.008) were protective factors of recurrent FS. Identification of factors predicting the recurrence of FS is a powerful tool for clinicians. This study showed that no administration of rectal diazepam before admission was correlated with the risk of FS recurrence, while shorter duration of FS and female sex were protective factors of recurrent FS.

Keywords

simple febrile seizures - complex febrile seizure - recurrence - predictors - diazepam


Publication History

Received: 05 January 2021

Accepted: 27 March 2021

Article published online:
24 June 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

  • References

  • 1 Randel A. AAP updates guidelines for evaluating simple febrile seizures in children. Am Fam Physician 2011; 83 (Suppl. 11) 1348-1350
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Capovilla G, Mastrangelo M, Romeo A, Vigevano F. Recommendations for the management of “febrile seizures”: ad hoc task force of LICE guidelines commission. Epilepsia 2009; 50 (Suppl. 01) 2-6
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Dougherty D, Duffner PK, Baumann RJ. et al; Steering Committee on Quality Improvement and Management, Subcommittee on Febrile Seizures American Academy of Pediatrics. Febrile seizures: clinical practice guideline for the long-term management of the child with simple febrile seizures. Pediatrics 2008; 121 (06) 1281-1286
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Hauser WA. The prevalence and incidence of convulsive disorders in children. Epilepsia 1994; 35 (Suppl. 02) S1-S6
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Dewanti A, Widjaja JA, Tjandrajani A, Burhany AA. Kejang Demam dan Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Rekurensi. Sari Pediatr 2016; 14 (01) 57
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Hauser WA, Annegers JF, Anderson VE, Kurland LT. The risk of seizure disorders among relatives of children with febrile convulsions. Neurology 1985; 35 (09) 1268-1273
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Annegers JF, Blakley SA, Hauser WA, Kurland LT. Recurrence of febrile convulsions in a population-based cohort. Epilepsy Res 1990; 5 (03) 209-216
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Chung S. Febrile seizures. Korean J Pediatr 2014; 57 (09) 384-395
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Veisani Y, Delpisheh A, Sayehmiri K. Familial history and recurrence of febrile seizures; a systematic review and meta-analysis. Iran J Pediatr 2013; 23 (04) 389-395
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Kumar N, Midha T, Rao YK. Risk factors of recurrence of febrile seizures in children in a tertiary care hospital in Kanpur: a one year follow up study. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2019; 22 (01) 31-36
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Marudur P, Herini E, Satria CD. Predictive factors for recurrent febrile seizures in children. Paediatr Indones 2012; 52 (06) 317
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Subcommittee on Febrile Seizures American Academy of Pediatrics. Clinical practice guideline - Neurodiagnostic evaluation of the child with a simple febrile seizure Pediatrics. 2011; 127 (02) 389-394
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Bakhtiari E, Heydarian F, Kiani MA, Askari Z, Heidarian M. Febrile children with or without seizure: a comparison between CBC, ESR and CRP. Rev Clin Med 2020; 7 (03) 100-103
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Rahbarimanesh AA, Salamati P, Ashrafi M, Sadeghi M, Tavakoli J. Leukocyte count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate as diagnostic factors in febrile convulsion. Acta Med Iran 2011; 49 (07) 447-450
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Leung AKC, Hon KL, Leung TNH. Febrile seizures: an overview. Drugs Context 2018; 7: 212536
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Eskandarifar A, Fatolahpor A, Asadi G, Gaderi I. The risk factors in children with simple and complex febrile seizures: an epidemiological study. Orig Artic 2017; 5 (06) 5137-5144
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Gunardi H, Kartasasmita CB, Rezeki Hadinegoro SS. et al. Jadwal Imunisasi Anak Usia 0–18 tahun Rekomendasi Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia 2017. Sari Pediatri 2017; 18 (05) 417-422
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Gunawan PI, Saharso D. Faktor Risiko Kejang Demam Berulang pada Anak. MEDIA Med Indones 2012; 46 (02) 75-80
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Hardika MSDP, Mahalini DS. Faktor-faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Kejang Demam Berulang Pada Anak di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. E-Jurnal Medika Udayana 2019; 8 (04) 50179
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Koolschijn PCMP, Crone EA. Sex differences and structural brain maturation from childhood to early adulthood. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2013; 5: 106-118
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Bessisso MS, Elsaid MF, Almula NA. et al. Recurrence risk after a first febrile convulsion. Saudi Med J 2001; 22 (03) 254-258
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Pavlidou E, Tzitiridou M, Kontopoulos E, Panteliadis CP. Which factors determine febrile seizure recurrence? A prospective study. Brain Dev 2008; 30 (01) 7-13
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Jeong JH, Lee JH, Kim K. et al. Rate of and risk factors for early recurrence in patients with febrile seizures. Pediatr Emerg Care 2014; 30 (08) 540-545
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Rantala H, Uhari M. Risk factors for recurrences of febrile convulsions. Acta Neurol Scand 1994; 90 (03) 207-210
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Berg AT, Shinnar S, Hauser WA, Leventhal JM. Predictors of recurrent febrile seizures: a metaanalytic review. J Pediatr 1990; 116 (03) 329-337
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Chung B, Wat LCY, Wong V. Febrile seizures in southern Chinese children: incidence and recurrence. Pediatr Neurol 2006; 34 (02) 121-126
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Durá-Travé T, Yoldi-Petri ME. [A long-term follow-up of 234 children with febrile seizures] (in Spanish). Rev Neurol 2004; 39 (12) 1104-1108
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Razieh F, Karbasi A. Sedighah. Recurrence of febrile seizures in yazd shahid sadoughi hospital. Iran J Child Neurol 2010; 3 (04) 23-30
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Verrotti A, Latini G, di Corcia G. et al. Intermittent oral diazepam prophylaxis in febrile convulsions: its effectiveness for febrile seizure recurrence. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2004; 8 (03) 131-134
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Knudsen FU. Recurrence risk after first febrile seizure and effect of short term diazepam prophylaxis. Arch Dis Child 1985; 60 (11) 1045-1049
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Rosman NP, Colton T, Labazzo J. et al. A controlled trial of diazepam administered during febrile illnesses to prevent recurrence of febrile seizures. N Engl J Med 1993; 329 (02) 79-84
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Hirabayashi Y, Okumura A, Kondo T. et al. Efficacy of a diazepam suppository at preventing febrile seizure recurrence during a single febrile illness. Brain Dev 2009; 31 (06) 414-418
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Inoue M, Adachi S, Kawakami I, Koga H. Change in the strategy for prophylactic diazepam use for febrile seizures and the impact on seizure recurrence within 24 h. Seizure 2020; 75: 70-74
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Unit Kerja Neurologi Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia. Konsensus Penatalaksanaan Kejang Demam. Badan Penerbit IDAI. Accessed April 17, 2021 at: https://www.idai.or.id/professional-resources/pedoman-konsensus/konsensus-penatalaksanaan-kejang-demam
    Google Scholar
  • 35 Offringa M, Bossuyt PMM, Lubsen J. et al. Risk factors for seizure recurrence in children with febrile seizures: a pooled analysis of individual patient data from five studies. J Pediatr 1994; 124 (04) 574-584
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Sajadi M, Khosravi S. Mothers' experiences about febrile convulsions in their children: a qualitative study. Int J Community Based Nurs Midwifery 2017; 5 (03) 284-291
    PubMedGoogle Scholar