Z Gastroenterol 2015; 53(11): 1267-1275
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-105700
Übersicht
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Primäre Lebertumoren im Kindesalter

Primary liver tumours in childhood
D. G. Schreiber-Dietrich
1   Pädiatrie, Caritas-Krankenhaus, Bad Mergentheim, Germany
,
I. Leuschner
2   Kindertumorregister, Pathologie, Kiel, Germany
,
A. Tannapfel
3   Pathologie, Ruhruniversität, Bochum, Germany
,
D. Franke
4   Pädiatrie, MHH, Hannover, Germany
,
M. Stenzel
5   Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Germany
,
J. Juengert
6   Kinderklinik, Universität Erlangen, Germany
,
C. F. Dietrich
7   Innere Medizin 2, Caritas Krankenhaus Bad Mergentheim, Germany
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

02 February 2015

11 August 2015

Publication Date:
12 November 2015 (online)

Zusammenfassung

Die Prävalenz von Lebertumoren ist im Erwachsenenalter und bei Kindern unterschiedlich. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die Besonderheiten von Lebertumoren im Säuglings- und Kindesalter unter histopathologischen Überlegungen herauszuarbeiten und die Möglichkeiten der Kontrastmittelsonografie zu diskutieren. Ziel dieses Artikels ist es auch, auf die Datensammlung der European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (EFSUMB) aufmerksam zu machen („Pediatric Registry“, www.efsumb.org), die die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten und Sicherheit der Kontrastmittelsonografie im Kindesalter dokumentieren soll.

Abstract

The reported prevalence of focal liver lesions in adult patients and children is different. The article discusses pediatric liver tumors under the criteria of histopathology and contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) features. Aim of this article is also to support the already established Pediatric Registry of the European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (EFSUMB) to collect data on safety and applications of ultrasound contrast agents in children (www.efsumb.org).

 
  • Literatur

  • 1 Schreiber-Dietrich D, Dietrich CF. Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and off-label use (in children). Ultraschall in Med 2012; 33: 295-296
  • 2 Schreiber-Dietrich DG, Cui XW, Piscaglia F et al. Contrast enhanced ultrasound in pediatric patients: a real challenge. Z Gastroenterol 2014; 52: 1178-1184
  • 3 Seitz K, Strobel D, Bernatik T et al. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) for the characterization of focal liver lesions – prospective comparison in clinical practice: CEUS vs. CT (DEGUM multicenter trial). Parts of this manuscript were presented at the Ultrasound Dreilandertreffen 2008, Davos. Ultraschall in Med 2009; 30: 383-389
  • 4 Strobel D, Seitz K, Blank W et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound for the characterization of focal liver lesions – diagnostic accuracy in clinical practice (DEGUM multicenter trial). Ultraschall in Med 2008; 29: 499-505
  • 5 Strobel D, Bernatik T, Blank W et al. Diagnostic accuracy of CEUS in the differential diagnosis of small (≤ 20 mm) and subcentimetric (≤ 10 mm) focal liver lesions in comparison with histology. Results of the DEGUM multicenter trial. Ultraschall in Med 2011; 32: 593-597
  • 6 Seitz K, Greis C, Schuler A et al. Frequency of tumor entities among liver tumors of unclear etiology initially detected by sonography in the noncirrhotic or cirrhotic livers of 1349 patients. Results of the DEGUM multicenter study. Ultraschall in Med 2011; 32: 598-603
  • 7 Strobel D, Seitz K, Blank W et al. Tumor-specific vascularization pattern of liver metastasis, hepatocellular carcinoma, hemangioma and focal nodular hyperplasia in the differential diagnosis of 1,349 liver lesions in contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). Ultraschall in Med 2009; 30: 376-382
  • 8 Bernatik T, Seitz K, Blank W et al. Unclear focal liver lesions in contrast-enhanced ultrasonography – lessons to be learned from the DEGUM multicenter study for the characterization of liver tumors. Ultraschall in Med 2010; 31: 577-581
  • 9 Piscaglia F, Nolsoe C, Dietrich CF et al. The EFSUMB Guidelines and Recommendations on the Clinical Practice of Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS): update 2011 on non-hepatic applications. Ultraschall in Med 2012; 33: 33-59
  • 10 Claudon M, Dietrich CF, Choi BI et al. Guidelines and good clinical practice recommendations for contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the liver – update 2012: a WFUMB-EFSUMB initiative in cooperation with representatives of AFSUMB, AIUM, ASUM, FLAUS and ICUS. Ultraschall in Med 2013; 34: 11-29
  • 11 Dietrich CF, Rudd L. The EFSUMB website, a guide for better understanding. Med Ultrason 2013; 15: 215-223
  • 12 Chiorean L, Cui XW, Tannapfel A et al. Benign liver tumours in pediatric patients. Review with emphasis on imaging features. World J Gastroenterol 2015; in press
  • 13 Wastl D, Helwig K, Dietrich CF. Examination concepts and procedures in emergency ultrasonography. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 2015; 110: 231-242
  • 14 Claudon M, Dietrich CF, Choi BI et al. Guidelines and good clinical practice recommendations for Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) in the liver – update 2012: A WFUMB-EFSUMB initiative in cooperation with representatives of AFSUMB, AIUM, ASUM, FLAUS and ICUS. Ultrasound Med Biol 2013; 39: 187-210
  • 15 Claudon M, Cosgrove D, Albrecht T et al. Guidelines and good clinical practice recommendations for contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) – update 2008. Ultraschall in Med 2008; 29: 28-44
  • 16 Dietrich CF, Sharma M, Gibson RN et al. Fortuitously discovered liver lesions. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19: 3173-3188
  • 17 Nolsoe C, Piscaglia F, Dietrich CF et al. Primum non nocere? Why Can't We Use Second Generation Ultrasound Contrast Agents for the Examination of Children?. Ultraschall in Med 2011; 32: 83-86
  • 18 Dietrich CF, Mäurer M, Riemer-Hommel P. Challenges for the German Health Care System. Pharmaceuticals. Endo heute 2014; 27: 45-53
  • 19 Dietrich CF, Riemer-Hommel P. Challenges for the German Health Care System. Z Gastroenterol 2012; 50: 557-572
  • 20 Jacob J, Deganello A, Sellars ME et al. Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) characterization of grey-scale sonographic indeterminate focal liver lesions in pediatric practice. Ultraschall in Med 2013; 34: 529-540
  • 21 Masetti R, Zama D, Gasperini P et al. Focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver in children after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Pediatr Transplant 2013; 17: 479-486
  • 22 Yusuf GT, Sellars ME, Huang DY et al. Cortical necrosis secondary to trauma in a child: contrast-enhanced ultrasound comparable to magnetic resonance imaging. Pediatr Radiol 2014; 44: 484-487
  • 23 Sellars ME, Deganello A, Sidhu PS. Paediatric contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS): a technique that requires co-operation for rapid implementation into clinical practice. Ultraschall in Med 2014; 35: 203-206
  • 24 Dietrich CF, Jenssen C. Focal liver lesion, incidental finding. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2012; 137: 2099-2116
  • 25 Chiorean L, Cantisani V, Jenssen C et al. Focal masses in a non-cirrhotic liver: The additional benefit of CEUS over baseline imaging. Eur J Radiol 2015; 84: 1636-1643
  • 26 Dietrich CF, Ignee A, Trojan J et al. Improved characterisation of histologically proven liver tumours by contrast enhanced ultrasonography during the portal venous and specific late phase of SHU 508A. Gut 2004; 53: 401-405
  • 27 Dietrich CF, Kratzer W, Strobe D et al. Assessment of metastatic liver disease in patients with primary extrahepatic tumors by contrast-enhanced sonography versus CT and MRI. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 12: 1699-1705
  • 28 Dietrich CF, Cui XW, Chiorean L et al. Local ablative procedures of the liver. Z Gastroenterol 2015; 53: 579-590
  • 29 Trojan J, Hammerstingl R, Engels K et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of malignant mesenchymal liver tumors. J Clin Ultrasound 2010; 38: 227-231
  • 30 Dietrich CF, Schuessler G, Trojan J et al. Differentiation of focal nodular hyperplasia and hepatocellular adenoma by contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Br J Radiol 2005; 78: 704-707
  • 31 Dietrich CF, Mertens JC, Braden B et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound of histologically proven liver hemangiomas. Hepatology 2007; 45: 1139-1145
  • 32 Ignee A, Piscaglia F, Ott M et al. A benign tumour of the liver mimicking malignant liver disease--cholangiocellular adenoma. Scand J Gastroenterol 2009; 44: 633-636
  • 33 Weinberg AG, Finegold MJ. Primary hepatic tumors of childhood. Hum Pathol 1983; 14: 512-537
  • 34 Deutsches Kinderkrebsregister Mainz. Jahresbericht 2009. Internet Communication 01.07.2015
  • 35 Bosman FT, Carneiro F, Hruban RH et al. Tumours of the liver and intrahepatic bile ducts. In: Bosman FT, Carneiro F, Hruban RH, et al. editors. WHO Classification of Tumours of the Digestive System. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC); 2010: 195-254
  • 36 Lopez-Terrada D, Alaggio R, de Davila MT et al. Towards an international pediatric liver tumor consensus classification: proceedings of the Los Angeles COG liver tumors symposium. Mod Pathol 2014; 27: 472-491
  • 37 Finegold MJ. Liver tumours. In: Cullinane CJ, Burchill SA, Squire JA, et al. editors Molecular biology and pathology of paediatric cancer. Oxford University Press: 2003: 264-298
  • 38 Dietrich CF. Liver tumor characterization – comments and illustrations regarding guidelines. Ultraschall in Med 2012; 33: S22-S30
  • 39 Dietrich CF, Cui XW, Schreiber-Dietrich DG et al. EFSUMB guidelines 2011: comments and illustrations. Ultraschall in Med 2012; 33: S11-S21
  • 40 Zhu XL, Chen P, Guo H et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound for the diagnosis of hepatic adenoma. J Int Med Res 2011; 39: 920-928
  • 41 Manichon AF, Bancel B, Durieux-Millon M et al. Hepatocellular adenoma: evaluation with contrast-enhanced ultrasound and MRI and correlation with pathologic and phenotypic classification in 26 lesions. HPB Surg 2012; 2012: 418745
  • 42 Anthony PP. Tumors and tumor-like lesions of the liver and biliary tract. In: MacSween RNM, Anthony PP, Scheuer PJ, editors. Pathology of the liver. Churchill Livingstone; 1994: 635-711
  • 43 Ishak K, Goodman ZD, Stocker JT. From the archives of the AFIP (Fascicle 31): Tumors of the liver and intrahepatic bile ducts. In: From the archives of the AFIP, editor Atlas of tumor pathology. 2000: 1-185
  • 44 Dietrich CF, Ignee A, Greis C et al. Artifacts and pitfalls in contrast-enhanced ultrasound of the liver. Ultraschall in Med 2014; 35: 108-125
  • 45 Schnater JM, Kohler SE, Lamers WH et al. Where do we stand with hepatoblastoma? A review. Cancer 2003; 98: 668-678
  • 46 Stocker JT. Hepatic tumors in children. In: Suchy FJ, Sokol RJ, Balistreri WF, editors Liver disease in children. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2007
  • 47 Weinberg AG, Finegold MJ. Primary hepatic tumors in childhood. In: Finegold M, editor. Pathology of neoplasia in children and adolescents. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders; 1986: 347-348
  • 48 Wang LL, Filippi RZ, Zurakowski D et al. Effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on hepatoblastoma: a morphologic and immunohistochemical study. Am J Surg Pathol 2010; 34: 287-299
  • 49 Heck JE, Meyers TJ, Lombardi C et al. Case-control study of birth characteristics and the risk of hepatoblastoma. Cancer Epidemiol 2013; 37: 390-395
  • 50 Barreiros AP, Piscaglia F, Dietrich CF. Contrast enhanced ultrasound for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): comments on AASLD guidelines. J Hepatol 2012; 57: 930-932
  • 51 Dietrich CF, Cui XW, Barreiros AP et al. EFSUMB guidelines 2011: comment on emergent indications and visions. Ultraschall in Med 2012; 33: S39-S47
  • 52 Litten JB, Tomlinson GE. Liver tumors in children. Oncologist 2008; 13: 812-820
  • 53 Czauderna P, MacKinlay G, Perilongo G et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma in children: results of the first prospective study of the International Society of Pediatric Oncology group. J Clin Oncol 2002; 20: 2798-2804
  • 54 Weeda VB, Murawski M, McCabe AJ et al. Fibrolamellar variant of hepatocellular carcinoma does not have a better survival than conventional hepatocellular carcinoma – results and treatment recommendations from the Childhood Liver Tumour Strategy Group (SIOPEL) experience. Eur J Cancer 2013; 49: 2698-2704
  • 55 Yang H, Liu GJ, Lu MD et al. Evaluation of the vascular architecture of hepatocellular carcinoma by micro flow imaging: pathologic correlation. J Ultrasound Med 2007; 26: 461-467
  • 56 Stocker JT. Hepatic tumors in children. Clin Liver Dis 2001; 5: 259-281
  • 57 Francis B, Hallam L, Kecskes Z et al. Placental mesenchymal dysplasia associated with hepatic mesenchymal hamartoma in the newborn. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2007; 10: 50-54
  • 58 Stocker JT, Ishak KG. Mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver: report of 30 cases and review of the literature. Pediatr Pathol 1983; 1: 245-267
  • 59 Shintaku M, Watanabe K. Mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver: A proliferative lesion of possible hepatic stellate cell (Ito cell) origin. Pathol Res Pract 2010; 206: 532-536
  • 60 Stocker JT. An approach to handling pediatric liver tumors. Am J Clin Pathol 1998; 109: S67-S72
  • 61 Leuschner I, Schmidt D, Harms D. Undifferentiated sarcoma of the liver in childhood: morphology, flow cytometry, and literature review. Hum Pathol 1990; 21: 68-76
  • 62 Mathews J, Duncavage EJ, Pfeifer JD. Characterization of translocations in mesenchymal hamartoma and undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver. Exp Mol Pathol 2013; 95: 319-324
  • 63 Kordes U, Gesk S, Fruhwald MC et al. Clinical and molecular features in patients with atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor or malignant rhabdoid tumor. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2010; 49: 176-181
  • 64 Bourdeaut F, Lequin D, Brugieres L et al. Frequent hSNF5 / INI1 germline mutations in patients with rhabdoid tumor. Clin Cancer Res 2011; 17: 31-38
  • 65 Mo JQ, Dimashkieh HH, Bove KE. GLUT1 endothelial reactivity distinguishes hepatic infantile hemangioma from congenital hepatic vascular malformation with associated capillary proliferation. Hum Pathol 2004; 35: 200-209
  • 66 Cui XW, Ignee A, Woenckhaus M et al. Hämangioendotheliom, eine bildgebende Herausforderung. Endo heute 2014; 27: 34-36
  • 67 Selby DM, Stocker JT, Ishak KG. Angiosarcoma of the liver in childhood: a clinicopathologic and follow-up study of 10 cases. Pediatr Pathol 1992; 12: 485-498
  • 68 Dimashkieh HH, Mo JQ, Wyatt-Ashmead J et al. Pediatric hepatic angiosarcoma: case report and review of the literature. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2004; 7: 527-532
  • 69 Strate SM, Rutledge JC, Weinberg AG. Delayed development of angiosarcoma in multinodular infantile hepatic hemangioendothelioma. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1984; 108: 943-944
  • 70 Dietrich CF, Schreiber-Dietrich D, Hocke M. Comments on the EFSUMB non-liver Guidelines 2011. (Bern 1994): Praxis; 2012 101. 1175-1181
  • 71 Dietrich CF, Cui XW, Boozari B et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the diagnostic algorithm of hepatocellular and cholangiocellular carcinoma, comments on the AASLD guidelines. Ultraschall in Med 2012; 33: S57-S66
  • 72 Barreiros AP, Chiorean L, Braden B et al. Ultrasound in rare diffuse liver disease. Z Gastroenterol 2014; 52: 1247-1256
  • 73 Brenner DJ, Hall EJ. Computed tomography – an increasing source of radiation exposure. N Engl J Med 2007; 357: 2277-2284
  • 74 Hricak H, Brenner DJ, Adelstein SJ et al. Managing radiation use in medical imaging: a multifaceted challenge. Radiology 2011; 258: 889-905
  • 75 Yekeler E. Pediatric abdominal applications of multidetector-row CT. Eur J Radiol 2004; 52: 31-43
  • 76 Miglioretti DL, Johnson E, Williams A et al. The use of computed tomography in pediatrics and the associated radiation exposure and estimated cancer risk. JAMA Pediatr 2013; 167: 700-707
  • 77 Smith-Bindman R, Miglioretti DL, Johnson E et al. Use of diagnostic imaging studies and associated radiation exposure for patients enrolled in large integrated health care systems, 1996–2010. JAMA 2012; 307: 2400-2409