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Semin Neurol 2020; 40(04): 411-419
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1715095
Review Article

Fluid Biomarkers for Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy

Pashtun Shahim
1   Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
,
Jessica M. Gill
3   National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
,
Kaj Blennow
1   Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
2   Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
,
Henrik Zetterberg
1   Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
2   Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
6   Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom
7   UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, United Kingdom
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Abstract

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neuropathological condition that has been described in individuals who have been exposed to repetitive head impacts, including concussions and subconcussive trauma. Currently, there is no fluid or imaging biomarker for diagnosing CTE during life. Based on retrospective clinical data, symptoms of CTE include changes in behavior, cognition, and mood, and may develop after a latency phase following the injuries. However, these symptoms are often nonspecific, making differential diagnosis based solely on clinical symptoms unreliable. Thus, objective biomarkers for CTE pathophysiology would be helpful in understanding the course of the disease as well as in the development of preventive and therapeutic measures. Herein, we review the literature regarding fluid biomarkers for repetitive concussive and subconcussive head trauma, postconcussive syndrome, as well as potential candidate biomarkers for CTE. We also discuss technical challenges with regard to the current fluid biomarkers and potential pathways to advance the most promising biomarker candidates into clinical routine.

Keywords

biomarkers - cerebrospinal fluid - concussion - chronic traumatic encephalopathy - plasma - serum - neurofilament - tau


Publication History

Article published online:
02 August 2020

© 2020. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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