No, Not That Way, the Other Way: Creating Active Sites in Self-Assembled Host Molecules

Dedicated to Prof. Julius Rebek Jr. on the occasion of his 75^th birthday

Abstract

This Account describes our efforts over the last decade to synthesize self-assembled metal–ligand cage complexes that display reactive functional groups on their interiors. This journey has taken us down a variety of research avenues, including studying the mechanism of reversible self-assembly, analyzing ligand self-sorting properties, post-assembly reactivity, molecular recognition, and binding studies, and finally reactivity and catalysis. Each of these individual topics are discussed here, as are the lessons learned along the way and the future research outlook. These self-assembled hosts are the closest mimics of enzymes to date, as they are capable of size- and shape-selective molecular recognition, substrate activation and turnover, as well as showing less common ‘biomimetic’ properties such as the ability to employ cofactors in reactivity, and alter the prevailing mechanism of the catalyzed reactions.

1 Introduction

2 Paddlewheels and Self-Sorting Behavior

3 First-Row Transition-Metal-Mediated Assembly: Sorting and Stereochemical Control

4 Post-Assembly Reactivity

5 Molecular Recognition and Catalysis

6 Conclusions and Outlook

Key words

molecular recognition - enzyme mimicry - self-assembly - catalysis - coordination complexes - host–guest chemistry

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