Unterschiedliche Wachstumsverläufe von Kindern mit Übergewicht im Vergleich zu normalgewichtigen Kindern

Zusammenfassung

Kontext: Körpergröße und Wachstum sind wichtige Parameter der kindlichen Entwicklung, die durch Genetik und Umwelt beeinflusst werden. Ein Umwelteinfluss ist die Ernährung. Bei steigernder, kindlicher Adipositas-Prävalenz kommt der Untersuchung des Zusammenhangs zwischen Wachstum und Übergewicht daher besondere Bedeutung zu.

Design: Analyse anthropmetrischer Daten und IGF-1-Serumspiegel von 7968 Probanden mit 24 561 Messungen zwischen 3–20 Jahren aus verschiedenen Kohorten der Universität Leipzig

Ergebnisse: Übergewichtige Kinder sind bis zur Pubertät größer als schlanke Kinder. Diese Wachstumsunterschiede sind mit einer leicht erhöhten Geburtslänge und präpubertär erhöhten IGF-1-Serumspiegel-SDS assoziiert. Auch die Wachstumsgeschwindigkeit scheint eine Rolle zu spielen: Übergewichtige Kinder haben präpubertär eine höhere Wachstumsgeschwindigkeit als schlanke Kinder. Jedoch ist der pubertätstypische Wachstumsschub trotz normaler IGF-1-Serumspiegel vermindert ausgeprägt. So können die schlanken Kinder die Körpergrößenunterschiede wieder ausgleichen, die sich mit Abschluss der Pubertät nivellieren.

Summary

Context: Height and growth are two important parameters of child development, which are influenced by genetics and environmental factors. One environmental influence is nutrition. Thus, research regarding the correlation of growth and overweight is of importance when regarding rising obesity prevalence in children.

Design: Analysis of anthropmetric data and IGF-1-serum levels of 24 561 samples from a group of 7968 children aged three to twenty years old

Results: In the prepubescent phase, overweight children are taller than normalweight peers. This goes along with a slightly bigger birth size and elevated IGF-1-serum level-SDS in prepubescent times. Moreover, the growth velocity seems to play a role: in the prepubescent phase, overweight children have a faster growth rate than normalweight children. However, the pubertal growth spurt that is typical in prepubescent times is blunted – despite normal IGF-1-serum level-SDS. Thus, normal-weight children can compensate for the difference in height, which is leveling off when they reach the end of puberty.

Schlüsselwörter

Übergewicht - Kinder - IGF-1 - Wachstum

Keywords

Obesity - children - IGF-1 - growth

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