Download PDF
Thromb Haemost 1985; 54(03): 563-569
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1660071
Original Article
Schattauer GmbH Stuttgart

Platelet Aggregation in Finnish Men and Its Relation to Fatty Acids in Platelets, Plasma and Adipose Tissue

M K Salo
1   The Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
,
E Vartiainen
2   The National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
,
P Puska
2   The National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
,
T Nikkari
1   The Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received 02 February 1985

Accepted 27 May 1985

Publication Date:
19 July 2018 (online)

  PDF Download  Permissions and Reprints

Summary

Platelet aggregation and its relation to fatty acid composition of platelets, plasma and adipose tissue was determined in 196 randomly selected, free-living, 40-49-year-old men in two regions of Finland (east and southwest) with a nearly twofold difference in the IHD rate.

There were no significant east-southwest differences in platelet aggregation induced with ADP, thrombin or epinephrine. ADP-induced platelet secondary aggregation showed significant negative associations with all C20-C22 ω3-fatty acids in platelets (r = -0.26 - -0.40) and with the platelet 20: 5ω3/20: 4ω 6 and ω3/ ω6 ratios, but significant positive correlations with the contents of 18:2 in adipose tissue (r = 0.20) and plasma triglycerides (TG) (r = 0.29). Epinephrine-induced aggregation correlated negatively with 20: 5ω 3 in plasma cholesteryl esters (CE) (r = -0.23) and TG (r = -0.29), and positively with the total percentage of saturated fatty acids in platelets (r = 0.33), but had no significant correlations with any of the ω6-fatty acids. Thrombin-induced aggregation correlated negatively with the ω3/6ω ratio in adipose tissue (r = -0.25) and the 20: 3ω6/20: 4ω 6 ratio in plasma CE (r = -0.27) and free fatty acids (FFA) (r = -0.23), and positively with adipose tissue 18:2 (r = 0.23) and 20:4ω6 (r = 0.22) in plasma phospholipids (PL).

The percentages of prostanoid precursors in platelet lipids, i. e. 20: 3ω 6, 20: 4ω 6 and 20 :5ω 3, correlated best with the same fatty acids in plasma CE (r = 0.32 - 0.77) and PL (r = 0.28 - 0.74). Platelet 20: 5ω 3 had highly significant negative correlations with the percentage of 18:2 in adipose tissue and all plasma lipid fractions (r = -0.35 - -0.44).

These results suggest that, among a free-living population, relatively small changes in the fatty acid composition of plasma and platelets may be reflected in significant differences in platelet aggregation, and that an increase in linoleate-rich vegetable fat in the diet may not affect platelet function favourably unless it is accompanied by an adequate supply of ω3 fatty acids.

Keywords

Platelet aggregation - Fatty acids - Lipids - Linoleic acid - Arachidonic acid - Eicosapentaenoic acid
 

  • References

  • 1 Fuster V. Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In: Herman AG, Van-houtte PM, Denolin H, Goossens A. (Eds.) Cardiovascular Pharmacology of the Prostaglandins. pp 181-213 Raven Press; New York: 1982
  • 2 Harker LA, Ritchie JL. The role of platelets in acute vascular events. Circulation 1980; 62 (Suppl. V): V 13-18
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Mehta J, Metha P. Role of blood platelets and prostaglandins in coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 1981; 48: 366-373
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Carvalho AC A, Colman RW, Lees RS. Platelet function in hyperlipoproteinemia. N Engl J Med 1974; 290: 434-438
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Colwell JA, Halushka PV, Sarji K, Levine J, Sagel J, Nair RM G. Altered platelet function in diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 1976; 25 (Suppl) (Suppl. 02) 826-831
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Renaud S, Morazain R, Godsey F, Dumont E, Symington IS, Gillanders EM, O’Brien JR. Platelet functions in relation to diet and serum lipids in British farmers. Br Heart J 1981; 46: 562-570
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Dyerberg J, Bang HO. Haemostatic function and platelet polyunsaturated fatty acids in Eskimos. Lancet 1979; 2: 433-435
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Renaud S, Dumond E, Godsey F, Suplisson A, Thevenon C. Platelet functions in relation to dietary fats in farmers from two regions of France. Thromb Haemostas 1978; 40: 518-531
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Agradi E, Carvalho A, Dougherty R, Ferro-Luzzi A, Galli C, Galli G, Gianfranceschi G, Iacono J, Paoletti R, Sautebin L. Epidemiological studies on dietary lipids, human plasma lipids, and platelet lipids and function. In: Carlson LA. et al. (Eds.) International Conference on Atherosclerosis. pp 441-448 Raven Press; New York: 1978
  • 10 Pisa Z, Uemura K. Trends of mortality from ischaemic heart disease and other cardiovascular diseases in 27 countries, 1968-1977. World Health Stat Quarterly 1982; 35: 11-17
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Puska P, Mustaniemi H. Incidence and presentation of myocardial infarction in North Karelia, Finland. Acta Med Scand 1975; 197: 211-216
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Pyorala K, Valkonen T. The high ischemic heart disease mortality in Finland - International comparisons, regional differences, trends and possible causes. In: Bostrom H, Ljungstedt N. (Eds.) Medical Aspects of Mortality Statistics, Scandia International Symposia. pp 37-57 Almqvist & Wiksell International, Stockholm; Sweden: 1981
  • 13 Pietinen P, Dougherty R, Mutanen M, Leino U, Moisio S, Iacono J, Puska P. Dietary intervention study among 30 free-living families in Finland. J Am Diet Assoc 1984; 84: 313-318
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Moilanen T, Nikkari T, Viikari J, Akerblom HK, Rasanen L, Ahola M, Dahl M, Lahde P-L, Pesonen E, Pietikainen M, Suoninen P, Uhari M. Atherosclerosis precursors in Finnish children and adolescents, V. Fatty acid composition of serum cholesteryl esters: regional differences in Finland. Acta Paediatr Scand, Suppl. (in press)
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Nikkari T, Salo M, Maatela J, Aromaa A. Serum fatty acids in Finnish men. Atherosclerosis 1983; 49: 139-148
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Monitoring of Trends and Determinants of Cardiovascular Diseases in Finland (Part of a joint WHO study) - the Monica Project. Publications of the National Public Health Institute; Helsinki, Finland: 1982
    Google Scholar
  • 17 Born GV R. Aggregation of blood platelets by adenosine diphosphate and its reversal. Nature 1962; 194: 927-929
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Yla-Herttuala S, Nikkari T. Effect of post-mortem time on the biochemical composition of coronary arteries. Atherosclerosis (in press)
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Kates M. Techniques of lipidology: Isolation, analysis and identification of lipids. In: Work TS, Work E. (Eds.) Laboratory Techniques in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Vol 3. pp 355-356 North-Holland Publishing Company; Amsterdam, London: 1972
  • 20 Moilanen T, Nikkari T. The effect of storage on the fatty acid composition of human serum. Clin Chim Acta 1981; 114: 111-116
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Pekkarinen M, Hasunen K, Koskinen EH, Seppanen R. Food consumption and nutrient intake of Finnish people. Naringsforskning 1978; 22: 250-255
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Pekkarinen M. Dietary surveys in connection with coronary heart disease studies in Finland. In: Bazan NG, Paoletti R, Iacono JM. (eds.) New Trends in Nutrition, Lipid Research, and Carciovascular Diseases. pp 243-261 Alan R. Liss, Inc; New York: 1981
  • 23 Puska P, Salonen JT, Nissinen A, Tuomilehto J, Vartiainen E, Korhonen H, Tanskanen A, Ronnqvist P, Koskela K, Huttunen J. Change in risk factors for coronary heart disease during 10 years of a community intervention programme (North Karelia project). Br Med J 1983; 287: 1840-1844
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Iacono JM, Puska P, Dougherty RM, Pietinen P, Vartiainen E, Leino U, Mutanen M, Moisio S. Effect of dietary fat on blood pressure in a rural Finnish population. Am J Clin Nutr 1983; 38: 860-869
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Dayton S, Hashimoto S, Dixon W, Pearce ML. Composition of lipids in human serum and adipose tissue during prolonged feeding of a diet high in unsaturated fat. J Lipid Res 1966; 7: 103-111
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Siess W, Roth P, Scherer B, Kurzmann I, Bohlig B, Weber PC. Platelet membrane fatty acids, platelet aggregation, and thromboxane formation during a mackerel diet. Lancet 1980; 1: 441-444
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Nikkari T, Salo M. Serum fatty acids in Finnish population groups. In: Marcuse R. (ed.) Proceedings of the 12th Scandinavian Symposium on Lipids. pp 80-86 Lipidforum, Goteborg; Sweden: 1983
  • 28 Taylor TG, Gibney MJ, Morgan JB. Haemostatic function and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Lancet 1979; 2: 1378
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Nikkari T, Rasanen L, Viikari J, Akerblom HK, Vuori I, Pyorala K, Uhari M, Dahl M, Lahde P-L, Pesonen E, Suoninen P. Serum fatty acid in 8-year-old Finnish boys: correlations with qualitative dietary data and other serum lipids. Am J Clin Nutr 1983; 37: 848-854
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Bang HO, Dyerberg J. Lipid metabolism and ischemic heart disease in Greenland Eskimos. Adv Nutr Res 1980; 3: 01-22
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Moilanen T, Rasanen L, Viikari J, Akerblom HK, Ahola M, Uhari M, Pasanen M, Nikkari T. Fatty acid composition of serum cholesteryl esters in 3- to 18-year-old Finnish children and its relation to diet. Am J Clin Nutr (in press)
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Nordøy A. Lipids as triggering factors in thrombosis. Thromb Haemostas 1976; 35: 32-48
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Hornstra G, Vies R. Effects of dietary fats on atherosclerosis and thrombosis. In: Carlson LA. et al. (eds.) International Conference on Atherosclerosis. pp 471-476 Raven Press; New York: 1978
  • 34 Fleischman AI, Justice D, Bierenbaum ML, Stier A, Sullivan A. Beneficial effect of increased dietary linoleate upon in vivo platelet function in man. J Nutr 1975; 105: 1286-1290
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Hornstra G, Lewis B, Chait A, Turpeinen O, Karvonen MJ, Vergroesen AJ. Influence of dietary fat on platelet function in men. Lancet 1973; 1: 1155-1157
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Goodnight SH, Harris WS, Connor WE, Illingworth DR. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, hyperlipidemia, and thrombosis. Arteriosclerosis 1982; 2: 087-113
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Renaud S, Dumont E, Godsey F, Morazain R, Thevenon C, Ortchanian E. Dietary fats and platelet function in French and Scottish farmers. Nutr Metab 1980; 24 (Suppl) (Suppl. 01) 090-104
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 38 Lewis JC, White MS, Waite BM. Dietary fatty acid effects on function and biochemistry of platelets. Circulation 1982; 66 (Suppl. II) 011-301
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 39 Tremoli E, Petroni A, Galli C, Paoletti R, Puska P, Dougherty R, Iacono J. North Karelian study - Changes in dietary fat reduce thromboxane B2 formation by platelets only in male subjects -Preliminary report. In: Samuelsson B, Paoletti R, Ramwell P. (eds.) Advances in Thromboxane, and Leukotriene Research, Vol 12. pp 203-207 Raven Press; New York: 1983