Moniezia-Befall beim Schaf

Zusammenfassung

Gegenstand und Ziel: Der Erfolg des wiederholten metaphylaktischen Einsatzes von Praziquantel zur Bekämpfung des Moniezia-Befalls bei Schaflämmern wurde in einem siebenmonatigen (Juni bis Dezember 2004) Feldversuch geprüft. Material und Methoden: In zwei norddeutschen Schafherden erhielten Lämmergruppen insgesamt drei- bzw. viermal entweder Praziquantel und Moxidectin (n = 117) oder nur Moxidectin (n = 117) in sechswöchigen Abständen. Kotuntersuchungen und Wägungen aller Lämmer erfolgten in vierwöchigen Abständen. Zum Teil wurde Moxidectin (Cydectin^®) mit Praziquantel (Cestocur^®) vor der oralen Applikation gemischt. Ergebnisse: Bei den mit Praziquantel behandelten Lämmergruppen konnte in einer Herde koproskopisch eine geringere Bandwurmbelastung im Verlauf der Untersuchung und insbesondere bei den parasitologischen Sektionen nach der Schlachtung nachgewiesen werden. Dies führte jedoch nicht zu einer Verbesserung der Gewichtsentwicklung gegenüber den nicht mit Praziquantel behandelten Kontrolltieren. Eine Schädigung des Wirtstieres durch den Bandwurmbefall konnte nicht beobachtet werden. In dieser Hinsicht erscheint die metaphylaktische Anwendung von Praziquantel, allein aufgrund des Nachweises von Proglottiden oder Bandwurmeiern im Kot, nicht in jedem Fall notwendig. Die gemeinsame Applikation von Praziquantel mit Moxidectin als Kombinationsdrench aus den Präparaten Cestocur^® und Cydectin^® wurde von den Tieren gut vertragen. Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Die metaphylaktische Anwendung von Praziquantel zur Bekämpfung des Bandwurmbefalls in Kombination mit der Anwendung von Moxidectin zur Bekämpfung von Rundwurminfektionen verbesserte im Vergleich zur alleinigen Gabe von Moxidectin die Gewichtszunahme nicht.

Summary

Objective: Studying the effectiveness of monieziosis treatment in sheep with the cestodizide Praziquantel (Cestocur^®) under field conditions. The project was performed at two sheep flocks managed in husbandry with changing pastures in Northern Germany. Material and methods: In the grazing season from June until December 2004 a total of 234 lambs were kept on pasture contaminated with Moniezia spp. and parasitic nematodes. The lambs of the first flock were divided according to sex and breed (pure or mixed breeds) and then separated into Praziquantel (Cestocur^®) treated and control groups. During 15 to 25 weeks a total of 117 lambs were treated in a six week interval with Praziquantel. Treatment as well as control group animals (117 lambs) were additionally treated in parallel with Moxidectin every six weeks to avoid possible confounding effects of other intestinal parasites. In most cases Praziquantel (Cestocur^®) and Moxidectin (Cydectin^®) were administered as mixed drench. Faecal samples of all animals were examined every four weeks using a qualitative flotation method. Weight gains were controlled in the same interval. Results: The combination drench of Praziquantel and Moxidectin was wholesome. Side effects were not observed. The effectiveness was similar to the monopreparations. Four weeks post Praziquantel treatment faecal samples of all but one or two animals were found to be Moniezia-negative. However, also in the only Moxidectin groups the number of Moniezia-positive animals diminished. Due to the relatively low sensitivity of faecal flotation, only in one of the two flocks a significant reduction in the proportion of infected animals by treatment was detected. At no time significant differences in bodyweight between Praziquantel-treated and untreated sheep were measured. At the end of the trials the small intestine of 135 lambs was dissected and examined for the presence of tapeworm stages. In five of 45 lambs which were necropsied up to 29 days post final Praziquantel treatment juvenile tapeworms were found, whereas this was the case in 11 of 22 animals which received their final treatment 30 to 36 days before necropsy. In 29 of 67 control lambs juvenile tapeworms were detected. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Overall, in this survey no clear evidence for pathogenity of Moniezia spp. was found. Thus, treatment may not necessarily have a benefitial effect on health or production. Treatment is only recommended in cases with clinical signs like weight loss, obstipation, diarrhoea, sudden death and under epidemiologic aspects.

Schlüsselwörter

Schaf - Bandwürmer - Moniezia - Praziquantel - Moxidectin

Key words

Sheep - tapeworms - monieziosis - Praziquantel - Moxidectin

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