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Am J Perinatol 2016; 33(13): 1313-1318
DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1586500
Original Article
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Endocrine Disruptors: A Potential Risk Factor for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Shelley Ehrlich
1   Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
,
Donna Lambers
2   Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Good Samaritan Hospital, TriHealth, Cincinnati, Ohio
,
Andrea Baccarelli
3   Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York
,
Jane Khoury
1   Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
,
Maurizio Macaluso
1   Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
,
Shuk-Mei Ho
4   Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

28 April 2016

21 June 2016

Publication Date:
04 August 2016 (online)

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Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has increased dramatically in the past 20 years together with the obesity epidemic. Mirroring the increase in incidence of GDM is increasing use of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). EDCs are structurally similar to endogenous hormones and interfere with synthesis, secretion, activity, or elimination of natural hormones, resulting in adverse health effects, including diabetes, obesity, developmental disorders, etc. Although the association between bisphenol A (BPA), a well-studied EDC, and type 2 diabetes has been repeatedly investigated in epidemiological and animal studies, there is a dearth of studies examining EDCs and GDM. In fact, the impact of environmental toxins on perinatal health outcomes has largely been overlooked.

Recognizing this research gap, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, American Society for Reproductive Medicine, and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics recently joined leading scientists and clinicians in a call for action to prioritize research in the consequences of exposure to toxic environmental agents on women's health. Evidence is emerging to suggest signaling molecules and EDCs are involved in the control of microRNA (miRNA) expression in trophoblast cells. We reviewed existing scientific evidence of EDCs as a risk factor for GDM as well as the potential role of miRNA in this association.

Keywords

gestational diabetes mellitus - endocrine disruptors - miRNA - environmental - epigenetic - biomarkers
 

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