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Am J Perinatol 2017; 34(02): 147-154
DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1584583
Original Article
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Gestational Weight Gain: Association with Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes

Karen E. Hannaford
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
,
Methodius G. Tuuli
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
,
Linda Odibo
2   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern Florida, Tampa, Florida
,
George A. Macones
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
,
Anthony O. Odibo
2   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern Florida, Tampa, Florida
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

22 February 2016

23 May 2016

Publication Date:
29 June 2016 (online)

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Abstract

Background It is unclear how adherence to the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) guidelines for weight gain affects pregnancy outcomes.

Objective We investigated how weight gain outside the IOM's recommendations affects the risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Study Design We performed a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study including singleton, nonanomalous fetuses. The risks of small for gestational age (SGA), macrosomia, preeclampsia, cesarean delivery, gestational diabetes, or preterm birth were calculated for patients who gained weight below or above the IOM's recommendations based on body mass index category. A time-to-event analysis was performed to account for gestational age at delivery. A Cox proportional model was fit to estimate hazard ratios accounting for possible confounders.

Results Women who gained weight below recommendations were 2.5 times more likely to deliver SGA and twice as likely to deliver preterm. Normal-weight patients who gained below recommendations were 2.5 times more likely to deliver SGA and twice as likely to deliver preterm. Obese patients who gained inadequate weight were 2.5 times more likely to deliver SGA.

Conclusion Among normal-weight patients, adhering to IOM recommendations may prevent growth abnormalities and preterm delivery. Among obese patients, a minimum weight gain requirement may prevent SGA infants.

Keywords

adverse pregnancy outcomes - BMI - gestational weight gain - institute of medicine

Note

Abstracts for this manuscript were presented at the 35th Annual meeting for the Society of Maternal Fetal Medicine, San Diego, CA, February 2–7, 2015.


 

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