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Am J Perinatol 2015; 32(12): 1164-1168
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1551673
Original Article
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Impact of Respiratory Morbidities on Neurodevelopmental Outcome of Late Preterm Infants

Elena V. Wachtel
1   New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
,
Michele Zaccario
1   New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
2   NYC Psychology Department, Pace University, New York, New York
,
Pradeep Mally
1   New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

18 December 2014

13 March 2015

Publication Date:
15 May 2015 (online)

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Abstract

Objective This study aims to evaluate impact of respiratory and other neonatal comorbidities on neurodevelopmental outcome in late preterm infants (LPT).

Method Retrospective study of LPT infants (34 0/7–36 6/7 weeks' gestation) discharged from the New York University Langone Medical Center neonatal intensive care unit, during January 2006 to December 2010 and received follow-up care up to 2 years of age. Neonatal morbidities were correlated with neurodevelopmental outcomes and assessed by performance on the Mullen Scales of Early Learning during three developmental follow-up visits.

Results A total of 99 LPT completed neurodevelopmental assessment up to 2 years of age. Infants with diagnosis of moderate-to-severe respiratory distress syndrome showed a significantly lower performance in the visual reception on the second (p < 0.01) and third visit (p = 0.02), as well as lower performance in the receptive language (visit 2, p = 0.02; visit 3, p < 0.01). A diagnosis of persistent pulmonary hypertension was found to be associated with significantly lower performance in the visual reception at all visits (p < 0.01; p = 0.02; p = 0.02) and in the receptive language on the second and third visit (p = 0.03; p = 0.02). Combined respiratory morbidities were also associated with lower developmental scores in fine motor (visit 2, p < 0.01; visit 3, p = 0.04) as well as expressive language (visit 3, p = 0.02).

Conclusion LPT with significant respiratory morbidities are at higher risk for long-term developmental delays, mainly affecting cognitive developmental domains.

Keywords

late preterm infants - neonatal morbidities - neurodevelopmental outcome
 

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