Copper-Catalyzed Cross-Couplings of Organometallic Reagents with and without Assistance from PN Ligands

Abstract

In this article, recent developments of copper-catalyzed cross-couplings are discussed. Critical results that demonstrate the effectiveness of copper catalysts, ligated by P,N-ligands, for cross-coupling reactions are presented to showcase the potential emergence of copper as an alternative to palladium. The observation that the reaction of heteroaryl coupling partners also proceeds under ‘ligand-free’ conditions holds great promise for developing copper catalysis as a complementary system to palladium catalysis in areas in which palladium either performs unsatisfactorily or requires custom-designed ligands.

1 Introduction

2 Rationale for the Use of Hybrid Bidentate Ligands

3 Coupling with Organosilicon Reagents

4 Coupling with Organoboron Reagents

5 Coupling with Organoindium Reagents

6 General Catalytic Cycle

7 Conclusion and Perspectives

Key words

copper - cross-coupling - mechanism - organometallic reagent - P,N-ligands

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