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Am J Perinatol 2014; 31(12): 1063-1072
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1371702
Original Article
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Impact of Early Extubation and Reintubation on the Incidence of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Neonates

Jessica Berger
1   Division of Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
,
Paulomi Mehta
1   Division of Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
,
Emily Bucholz
1   Division of Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
,
James Dziura
2   Yale Center for Analytical Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
,
Vineet Bhandari
1   Division of Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

13 September 2013

13 January 2014

Publication Date:
28 March 2014 (online)

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Abstract

Objective The objective of this study was to assess rates of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and BPD/death in infants first extubated between day of life (DOL) 1 to 3 versus 4 to 7, 8 + , and impact of reintubation.

Study Design We included infants with gestational age ≤ 28 weeks, birth weight ≤ 1,000 g, and intubation on DOL 1. Proportional hazards regression modeled time to BPD and BPD/death, adjusting for potential confounders.

Results Of 262 infants, 101 (38.55%), 41 (15.65%), and 120 (45.80%) were extubated between DOL 1 to 3, 4 to 7, and 8 + , respectively. Extubation between DOL 4 to 7 and DOL 1 to 3 was associated with an increased hazard of developing BPD (hazard ratio [HR], 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0–2.8; p < 0.05). Extubation on DOL 8+ was associated with a significantly increased hazard compared with extubation between DOL 1 to 3 (HR, 16.9; 95% CI, 10.5–27.1; p < 0.0001) and DOL 4 to 7 (HR, 10.0; 95% CI, 6.1–16.3; p < 0.0001). Similar results were noted with BPD/death. Reintubation did not affect BPD and BPD/death.

Conclusions Delaying extubation beyond the first 3 and 7 days was associated with an increased risk of BPD and BPD/death. Reintubation did not impact outcomes.

Keywords

neonate - invasive ventilation - NIPPV - BPD
 

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