Dünndarmendoskopie im 21. Jahrhundert

Zusammenfassung

Die Dünndarmdiagnostik wurde Anfang des 21. Jahrhunderts durch die Entwicklung und Einführung der Kapselendoskopie und wenig später der Ballonenteroskopie revolutioniert. Erstmals wurde es somit möglich, den gesamten Dünndarm ohne die Notwendigkeit einer Laparotomie auf seiner gesamten Länge zu untersuchen und pathologische Befunde endoskopisch-interventionell zu therapieren. Während die Kapselendoskopie als optimale Screeningmethode für Dünndarmerkrankungen gilt, weil sie ambulant und ohne Sedierung durchgeführt werden kann, wird das flexible Verfahren der Ballonenteroskopie eingesetzt, wenn Biopsien oder eine therapeutische Intervention durchgeführt werden muss. Trotz dieser enormen Fortschritte, die einen wesentlichen Stimulus für das vermehrte Interesse am „Dünndarm“ darstellen, haben herkömmliche Methoden wie die Push-Enteroskopie und die intraoperative Enteroskopie weiterhin ihren Stellenwert.

Abstract

Since the introduction of capsule endoscopy and later balloon enteroscopy in clinical practive, endoscopic examination of the small bowel has dramatically improved. For the first time, it was possible to diagnose the whole small bowel without the necessity of laparotomy and intraoperative enteroscopy. Capsule Endoscopy is considered the optimal screening tool in case of suspected small-bowel disorder. It can be carried in an ambulatory setting without the need of sedation. Balloon enteroscopy enables the endoscopist not only to achieve a high diagnostic yield in the small bowel, but also to take biopsies or to carry out Endoscopic treatment effectively and safety. The methods revolutionized the field of small bowel diagnostic and therapy and become part of daily clinical practice.

Schlüsselwörter

Kapselendoskopie - Ballonenteroskopie - Push-Enteroskopie - intraoperative Enteroskopie

Key words

capsule endoscopy - balloon-enteroscopy - push-enteroscopy - intraoperative enteroscopy

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