Download PDF
Int J Sports Med 2013; 34(04): 285-292
DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1312583
Physiology & Biochemistry
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Isoinertial and Isokinetic Sprints: Muscle Signalling

T. Fuentes
1   Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain
,
J. G. Ponce-González
1   Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain
,
D. Morales-Alamo
1   Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain
,
R. de Torres-Peralta
1   Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain
,
A. Santana
1   Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain
2   Genetic Unit, Childhood Hospital-Materno Infantil de Las Palmas, Avenida Marítima, del Sur s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016, Spain
3   Research Unit, Hospital de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Bco Ballena s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35013, Spain
,
P. De Pablos-Velasco
4   Endocrinology Service, Hospital de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Bco Ballena s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35013, Spain
,
H. Olmedillas
1   Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain
,
A. Guadalupe-Grau
1   Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain
,
L. Rodríguez-García
1   Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain
,
J. A. Serrano-Sanchez
1   Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain
,
B. Guerra
1   Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain
,
J.A. L. Calbet
1   Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History



accepted after revision 31 March 2012

Publication Date:
23 November 2012 (online)

Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

To determine if the muscle signalling response to a 30 s all-out sprint exercise is modulated by the exercise mode and the endocrine response, 27 healthy volunteers were divided in 2 groups that performed isokinetic (10 men and 5 women) and isoinertial (7 men and 5 women) Wingate tests. Blood samples and vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were taken before, immediately after, 30 and 120 min after the sprints. Groups were comparable in age, height, body weight, percentage of body fat, peak power per kg of lower extremities lean mass (Pmax) and muscle fibre types. However, the isoinertial group achieved a 25% greater mean power (Pmean). Sprint exercise elicited marked increases in the musculus vastus lateralis AMPKα, ACCβ, STAT3, STAT5 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation (all P<0.05). The AMPKα, STAT3, and ERK1/2 phosphorylation responses were more marked after the isoinertial than isokinetic test (interaction: P<0.01). The differences in muscle signalling could not be accounted for by differences in Pmax, although Pmean could explain part of the difference in AMPKα phosphorylation. The leptin, insulin, glucose, GH, IL-6, and lactate response were similar in both groups. In conclusion, the muscle signalling response to sprint exercise differs between isoinertial and isokinetic sprints.

Key words

Wingate - sprint exercise - muscle signalling - leptin
 

  • References

  • 1 Aronson D, Violan MA, Dufresne SD, Zangen D, Fielding RA, Goodyear LJ. Exercise stimulates the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in human skeletal muscle. J Clin Invest 1997; 99: 1251-1257
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Bar-Or O. The Wingate anaerobic test. An update on methodology, reliability and validity. Sports Med 1987; 4: 381-394
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Beelen A, Sargeant AJ. Effect of fatigue on maximal power output at different contraction velocities in humans. J Appl Physiol 1991; 71: 2332-2337
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Bjørbæk C, Kahn BB. Leptin signaling in the central nervous system and the periphery. Recent Prog Horm Res 2004; 59: 305-331
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Calbet JA, Chavarren J, Dorado C. Fractional use of anaerobic capacity during a 30- and a 45-s Wingate test. Eur J Appl Physiol 1997; 76: 308-313
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Calbet JA, De Paz JA, Garatachea N, Cabeza De Vaca S, Chavarren J. Anaerobic energy provision does not limit Wingate exercise performance in endurance-trained cyclists. J Appl Physiol 2003; 94: 668-676
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Cochran AJ, Little JP, Tarnopolsky MA, Gibala MJ. Carbohydrate feeding during recovery alters the skeletal muscle metabolic response to repeated sessions of high-intensity interval exercise in humans. J Appl Physiol 2010; 108: 628-636
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Consitt LA, Wideman L, Hickey MS, Morrison RF. Phosphorylation of the JAK2-STAT5 pathway in response to acute aerobic exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2008; 40: 1031-1038
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Consitt LA, Bell JA, Koves TR, Muoio DM, Hulver MW, Haynie KR, Dohm GL, Houmard JA. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1alpha overexpression increases lipid oxidation in myocytes from extremely obese individuals. Diabetes 2010; 59: 1407-1415
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Cuevas MJ, Almar M, Garcia-Glez JC, Garcia-Lopez D, De Paz JA, Alvear-Ordenes I, Gonzalez-Gallego J. Changes in oxidative stress markers and NF-kappaB activation induced by sprint exercise. Free Radic Res 2005; 39: 431-439
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Chen ZP, McConell GK, Michell BJ, Snow RJ, Canny BJ, Kemp BE. AMPK signaling in contracting human skeletal muscle: acetyl-CoA carboxylase and NO synthase phosphorylation. Am J Physiol 2000; 279: E1202-E1206
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Deldicque L, Atherton P, Patel R, Theisen D, Nielens H, Rennie MJ, Francaux M. Effects of resistance exercise with and without creatine supplementation on gene expression and cell signaling in human skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol 2008; 104: 371-378
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Egan B, Carson BP, Garcia-Roves PM, Chibalin AV, Sarsfield FM, Barron N, McCaffrey N, Moyna NM, Zierath JR, O’Gorman DJ. Exercise intensity-dependent regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1 mRNA abundance is associated with differential activation of upstream signalling kinases in human skeletal muscle. J Physiol 2010; 588: 1779-1790
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Fuentes T, Guerra B, Ponce-González JG, Morales-Alamo D, Guadalupe-Grau A, Olmedillas H, Rodríguez-García L, Feijoo D, De Pablos-Velasco P, Fernández-Pérez L, Santana A, Calbet JAL. Skeletal muscle signalling response to sprint exercise in men and women. Eur J Appl Physiol 2011; [Epub ahead of print]
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Gaitanos GC, Williams C, Boobis LH, Brooks S. Human muscle metabolism during intermittent maximal exercise. J Appl Physiol 1993; 75: 712-719
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Gibala MJ, McGee SL, Garnham AP, Howlett KF, Snow RJ, Hargreaves M. Brief intense interval exercise activates AMPK and p38 MAPK signaling and increases the expression of PGC-1{alpha} in human skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol 2009; 106: 929-934
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Guadalupe-Grau A, Perez-Gomez J, Olmedillas H, Chavarren J, Dorado C, Santana A, Serrano-Sanchez JA, Calbet JA. Strength training combined with plyometric jumps in adults: sex differences in fat-bone axis adaptations. J Appl Physiol 2009; 106: 1100-1111
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Guadalupe-Grau A, Ara I, Dorado C, Vicente-Rodriguez G, Perez-Gomez J, Cabrero JC, Serrano-Sanchez JA, Santana A, Calbet JA. Osteocalcin as a negative regulator of serum leptin concentration in humans: insight from triathlon competitions. Eur J Appl Physiol 2010; 110: 635-643
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Guerra B, Santana A, Fuentes T, Delgado-Guerra S, Cabrera-Socorro A, Dorado C, Calbet JA. Leptin receptors in human skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol 2007; 102: 1786-1792
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Guerra B, Guadalupe-Grau A, Fuentes T, Ponce-Gonzalez JG, Morales-Alamo D, Olmedillas H, Guillen-Salgado J, Santana A, Calbet JA. SIRT1, AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation and downstream kinases in response to a single bout of sprint exercise: influence of glucose ingestion. Eur J Appl Physiol 2010; 109: 731-743
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Guerra B, Gomez-Cabrera MC, Ponce-Gonzalez JG, Martinez-Bello VE, Guadalupe-Grau A, Santana A, Sebastia V, Vina J, Calbet JA. Repeated muscle biopsies through a single skin incision do not elicit muscle signaling, but IL-6 mRNA and STAT3 phosphorylation increase in injured muscle. J Appl Physiol 2011; 110: 1708-1715
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Guerra B, Olmedillas H, Guadalupe-Grau A, Ponce-Gonzalez JG, Morales-Alamo D, Fuentes T, Chapinal E, Fernandez-Perez L, De Pablos-Velasco P, Santana A, Calbet JA. Is sprint exercise a leptin signaling mimetic in human skeletal muscle?. J Appl Physiol 2011; 111: 715-725
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Harmer AR, McKenna MJ, Sutton JR, Snow RJ, Ruell PA, Booth J, Thompson MW, Mackay NA, Stathis CG, Crameri RM, Carey MF, Eager DM. Skeletal muscle metabolic and ionic adaptations during intense exercise following sprint training in humans. J Appl Physiol 2000; 89: 1793-1803
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Harriss DJ, Atkinson G. Update - ethical standards in sport and exercise science research. Int J Sports Med 2011; 32: 819-821
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Izquierdo M, Ibanez J, Calbet JA, Navarro-Amezqueta I, Gonzalez-Izal M, Idoate F, Hakkinen K, Kraemer WJ, Palacios-Sarrasqueta M, Almar M, Gorostiaga EM. Cytokine and hormone responses to resistance training. Eur J Appl Physiol 2009; 107: 397-409
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Jones NL, McCartney N, Graham T, Spriet LL, Kowalchuk JM, Heigenhauser GJ, Sutton JR. Muscle performance and metabolism in maximal isokinetic cycling at slow and fast speeds. J Appl Physiol 1985; 59: 132-136
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Jorgensen SB, Viollet B, Andreelli F, Frosig C, Birk JB, Schjerling P, Vaulont S, Richter EA, Wojtaszewski JF. Knockout of the alpha2 but not alpha1 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase isoform abolishes 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-4-ribofuranoside but not contraction-induced glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. J Biol Chem 2004; 279: 1070-1079
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Maroni P, Bendinelli P, Piccoletti R. Intracellular signal transduction pathways induced by leptin in C2C12 cells. Cell Biol Int 2005; 29: 542-550
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Matsuura R, Arimitsu T, Yunoki T, Yano T. Effects of resistive load on performance and surface EMG activity during repeated cycling sprints on a non-isokinetic cycle ergometer. Br J Sports Med 2011; 45: 820-824
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Minokoshi Y, Kim YB, Peroni OD, Fryer LG, Muller C, Carling D, Kahn BB. Leptin stimulates fatty-acid oxidation by activating AMP-activated protein kinase. Nature 2002; 415: 339-343
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Ortenblad N, Lunde PK, Levin K, Andersen JL, Pedersen PK. Enhanced sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) release following intermittent sprint training. Am J Physiol 2000; 279: R152-R160
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Perez-Gomez J, Olmedillas H, Delgado-Guerra S, Royo IA, Vicente-Rodriguez G, Ortiz RA, Chavarren J, Calbet JA. Effects of weight lifting training combined with plyometric exercises on physical fitness, body composition, and knee extension velocity during kicking in football. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2008; 33: 501-510
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Richter EA, Vistisen B, Maarbjerg SJ, Sajan M, Farese RV, Kiens B. Differential effect of bicycling exercise intensity on activity and phosphorylation of atypical protein kinase C and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase in skeletal muscle. J Physiol 2004; 560: 909-918
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Rosenfeld RG, Hwa V. The growth hormone cascade and its role in mammalian growth. Horm Res 2009; 71 (Suppl. 02) 36-40
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Sahlin K, Harris RC, Nylind B, Hultman E. Lactate content and pH in muscle obtained after dynamic exercise. Pflugers Arch 1976; 367: 143-149
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Serrano AL, Baeza-Raja B, Perdiguero E, Jardi M, Munoz-Canoves P. Interleukin-6 is an essential regulator of satellite cell-mediated skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Cell Metab 2008; 7: 33-44
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Smith PK, Krohn RI, Hermanson GT, Mallia AK, Gartner FH, Provenzano MD, Fujimoto EK, Goeke NM, Olson BJ, Klenk DC. Measurement of protein using bicinchoninic acid. Anal Biochem 1985; 150: 76-85
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 38 Stokes KA, Sykes D, Gilbert KL, Chen JW, Frystyk J. Brief, high intensity exercise alters serum ghrelin and growth hormone concentrations but not IGF-I, IGF-II or IGF-I bioactivity. Growth Horm IGF Res 2010; 20: 289-294
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 39 Treebak JT, Birk JB, Rose AJ, Kiens B, Richter EA, Wojtaszewski JF. AS160 phosphorylation is associated with activation of alpha2beta2gamma1- but not alpha2beta2gamma3-AMPK trimeric complex in skeletal muscle during exercise in humans. Am J Physiol 2007; 292: E715-E722
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 40 Trenerry MK, Carey KA, Ward AC, Cameron-Smith D. STAT3 signaling is activated in human skeletal muscle following acute resistance exercise. J Appl Physiol 2007; 102: 1483-1489
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 41 Vendelbo MH, Jorgensen JO, Pedersen SB, Gormsen LC, Lund S, Schmitz O, Jessen N, Moller N. Exercise and fasting activate growth hormone-dependent myocellular signal transducer and activator of transcription-5b phosphorylation and insulin-like growth factor-I messenger ribonucleic acid expression in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95: E64-E68
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 42 Wolsk E, Mygind H, Grondahl TS, Pedersen BK, van Hall G. IL-6 selectively stimulates fat metabolism in human skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol 2010; 299: E832-E840
    PubMedGoogle Scholar