Does Short-term Ventilation for Semielective Surgery Influence the Course of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterms?

Introduction

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) continues to be one of the most common long-term complications of prematurity with an increasing incidence up to 25% (Lemons JA, et al. Pediatrics 2001; 107: 1–8). Ventilation associated mechanical trauma and oxygen toxicity are crucial factors in the pathogenesis of BPD (Speer CP. Biol Neonate 2001: 79: 205–209). Therefore, attempts are made to prevent additional lung injury and secondary invasive ventilation is to be avoided. Accordingly, the decision if and when to perform elective or semielective surgical intervention with general anesthesia and the need for postoperative ventilation is critical. We analysed retrospectively whether the course of BPD is unfavourably influenced by short-term ventilation for surgery.