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DOI: 10.1055/a-2752-7457
Severe Asthma in Children and Adolescents: an AWMF Guideline by the German Society for Pediatric Pulmonology
Schweres Asthma bei Kindern und Jugendlichen Zusammenfassung der AWMF-Leitlinie koordiniert von der Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Pneumologie (GPP)Autor*innen
Abstract
Background
Asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease in children and adolescents. While most patients achieve good control with guideline-based treatment, a significant proportion experience persistent symptoms, frequent exacerbations, and impaired quality of life.
Objectives
This guideline aims to define severe and difficult-to-treat asthma in children and adolescents, support diagnostic precision, and provide practical, evidence-based recommendations for assessment and management, including biological therapies.
Materials and methods
The S1 guideline was developed under the coordination of the German Society for Pediatric Pulmonology following AWMF procedures. A structured consensus process involving experts from pediatric pulmonology, allergology, and general pediatrics was conducted. Existing national and international guidelines and new evidence were systematically reviewed and adapted.
Results
Key elements include a stepwise diagnostic algorithm to distinguish difficult-to-treat from truly severe asthma, guidance on assessing adherence, comorbidities, and inflammation biomarkers, and recommendations for targeted biological treatment. This guideline addresses monitoring tools, transition to adult care, and the role of rehabilitation.
Conclusions
Children and adolescents with severe asthma require early referral to specialized centers and a structured, interdisciplinary approach. Personalized treatment strategies—including biologics—should be guided by phenotyping and biomarkers. Registry data are essential to improve care quality and generate real-world evidence.
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Asthma bronchiale ist die häufigste chronische Atemwegserkrankung im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Während der Großteil der Patient:innen unter leitliniengerechter Therapie gut behandelt werden kann, leidet eine relevante Subgruppe an schwerem oder schwer behandelbarem Asthma mit eingeschränkter Lebensqualität und hoher Krankheitslast.
Ziel
Diese S1-Leitlinie zielt darauf ab, schweres Asthma im Kindes- und Jugendalter klar zu definieren, eine strukturierte diagnostische und therapeutische Herangehensweise zu fördern und konkrete Empfehlungen für das Management, einschließlich des Einsatzes von Biologika, zu geben.
Methoden
Die Leitlinie wurde unter Federführung der Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Pneumologie (GPP) gemäß AWMF-Regelwerk erstellt. Grundlage war ein systematischer Literaturreview relevanter nationaler und internationaler Empfehlungen. Ein multidisziplinäres Expertengremium stimmte alle Empfehlungen konsensbasiert ab.
Ergebnisse
Im Mittelpunkt steht ein mehrstufiges diagnostisches Vorgehen zur Differenzierung zwischen schwer behandelbarem und genuin schwerem Asthma. Es werden Kriterien zur Therapieadhärenz, Komorbiditätserfassung und phänotypspezifischer Auswahl von Biologika dargestellt. Weitere Themen sind Monitoring, Rehabilitation, Transition und zukünftige Therapien. Empfehlungen zur Anwendung bestehender und neuer monoklonaler Antikörper basieren auf aktueller Evidenz.
Schlussfolgerung
Kinder mit schwerem Asthma benötigen eine strukturierte, interdisziplinäre Versorgung. Eine frühe phänotypbasierte Therapie mit Biologika sowie flächendeckende Registerdaten und patientenorientierte Versorgungspfade sind erforderlich, um die Prognose dieser Patientengruppe zu verbessern.
Publikationsverlauf
Eingereicht: 18. August 2025
Angenommen: 20. November 2025
Artikel online veröffentlicht:
23. Dezember 2025
© 2025. Thieme. All rights reserved.
Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Oswald-Hesse-Straße 50, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany
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